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On-Orbit Performance of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager Instrument onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory

机译：在太阳能动力学天文台上滚动磁性成像仪的轨道性能。

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The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) instrument is a major component of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft. Since commencement of full regular science operations on 1 May 2010, HMI has operated with remarkable continuity, e.g. during the more than five years of the SDO prime mission that ended 30 September 2015, HMI collected 98.4% of all possible 45-second velocity maps; minimizing gaps in these full-disk Dopplergrams is crucial for helioseismology. HMI velocity, intensity, and magnetic-field measurements are used in numerous investigations, so understanding the quality of the data is important. This article describes the calibration measurements used to track the performance of the HMI instrument, and it details trends in important instrument parameters during the prime mission. Regular calibration sequences provide information used to improve and update the calibration of HMI data. The set-point temperature of the instrument front window and optical bench is adjusted regularly to maintain instrument focus, and changes in the temperature-control scheme have been made to improve stability in the observable quantities. The exposure time has been changed to compensate for a 20% decrease in instrument throughput.Measurements of the performance of the shutter and tuning mechanisms show that they are aging as expected and continue to perform according to specification. Parameters of the tunable optical-filter elements are regularly adjusted to account for drifts in the central wavelength. Frequent measurements of changing CCD-camera characteristics, such as gain and flat field, are used to calibrate the observations. Infrequent expected events such as eclipses, transits, and spacecraft off-points interrupt regular instrument operations and provide the opportunity to perform additional calibration. Onboard instrument anomalies are rare and seem to occur quite uniformly in time. The instrument continues to perform very well.
机译：HelioSeismic和磁性成像仪（HMI）仪器是NASA的太阳能动力学天文台（SDO）航天器的主要成分。自2010年5月1日开始完整的常规科学行动以来，HMI已经运作了显着的连续性，例如，在截至2015年9月30日止的SDO主要特派团的五年多年来，HMI收集了所有可能的45秒速度图的98.4％;最小化这些全磁盘多普勒图中的间隙对于HelioSeismology至关重要。 HMI速度，强度和磁场测量用于许多调查，因此了解数据的质量很重要。本文介绍了用于跟踪HMI仪器性能的校准测量，以及在主要任务期间重要仪表参数的趋势。常规校准序列提供用于改进和更新HMI数据校准的信息。定期调节仪器前窗和光学台的设定点温度以维持仪器对焦，并且已经进行了温度控制方案的变化以提高可观察量的稳定性。曝光时间已经改变以补偿仪器吞吐量的20％降低..快门和调谐机制的性能的测量结果表明，它们正如预期的那样老化，并继续根据规格执行。定期调整可调光学滤波器元件的参数以考虑中心波长中的漂移。频繁测量改变CCD相机特性，例如增益和平坦的场，用于校准观察结果。不常见的预期事件，如Eclipes，Transits和SpaceCraft Off点中断常规仪器操作，并提供了执行额外校准的机会。板载仪器异常很少见，似乎在时间均匀地发生。仪器继续表现得很好。

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