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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science and Plant Nutrition >Ball milling pretreatment affects the content of fixed ammonium in soils in response to the content of exchangeable ammonium
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Ball milling pretreatment affects the content of fixed ammonium in soils in response to the content of exchangeable ammonium

机译：球磨预处理对土壤中固定铵的含量响应于可交换铵的含量影响

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Analysis of fixed ammonium (NH4+) in soils by the most common method requires the subsample to be ground to pass through a 100-mesh sieve. We tested a hypothesis that the ball milling pretreatment for the analysis of fixed NH4+ may influence the analytical results depending on the content of exchangeable NH4+. Five paddy soils collected from the surface layer in Japan were treated with N-15-labeled ammonium sulfate at 0, 100, 500, or 1000mg N kg(-1), incubated aerobically at 30 degrees C for 7days, and air-dried. Part of each soil was then ground in a vibration ball mill at 1200 rpm for 10min as a pretreatment (BMP treatment). The samples with and without the BMP treatment were analyzed for exchangeable NH4+ and total fixed NH4+. The samples that received 0 or 1000mg N kg(-1) were also analyzed for nonexchangeable N-15 (total fixed (NH4+)-N-15 plus organic N-15) and hot KCl-extractable organic N. At 0mg N kg(-1), the BMP treatment significantly decreased total fixed NH4+ in all soils and significantly increased exchangeable NH4+ in two of the five soils. The fixation of exchangeable NH4+ started to occur when its content is greater than around 300mg N kg(-1), and its ratio to total fixed NH4+ is greater than around 1.0. At 1000mg N kg(-1), the BMP treatment significantly decreased exchangeable NH4+ and significantly increased total fixed NH4+ in all soils especially two clayey, vermiculitic soils. On the average of all soils applied 1000mg N kg(-1), the increase in total fixed NH4+ explained 55% of the decrease in exchangeable NH4+, and the decrease in exchangeable NH4+ was almost equal to the increase in nonexchangeable N-15. The rest of the NH4+ unaccounted by the fixation was partly due to the transformation of exchangeable NH4+ to hot KCl-extractable organic N, because the content of hot KCl-extractable organic N was significantly increased by the BMP treatment. In conclusion, the milling treatment prior to the analysis of fixed NH4+ in soils might cause either underestimation or overestimation depending on the content of exchangeable NH4+.
机译：通过最常见的方法分析土壤中的固定铵（NH4 +）要求将子样本接地通过100目筛。我们测试了一个假设，即固定NH4 +分析的球铣削预处理可能会根据可交换NH4 +的含量影响分析结果。从日本的表面层收集的五个水稻土用N-15标记的硫酸铵处理，在0,100,500，或1000mg n kg（-1）下处理，在30℃下培养7天，并风干。然后将每种土壤的一部分在1200rpm的振动球磨机中研磨，可作为预处理（BMP处理）。分析具有和不使用BMP处理的样品进行可交换的NH 4 +和总固定的NH 4 +。还针对不掺杂的N-15（总固定（NH 4 +） - N-15加上有机N-15）和热KCl-可提取的有机N.在0mg n kg（ -1），BMP治疗在所有土壤中的总固定NH 4 +显着降低，在五种土壤中两种土壤中的交换NH4 +显着增加。当其含量大于约300mg n kg（-1）时，可交换的NH 4 +的固定开始，其与总固定NH4 +的比率大于1.0。在1000mg n kg（-1）中，BMP处理显着降低可更换的NH 4 +，并且在所有土壤中显着增加了全部固定的NH4 +，尤其是粘土土壤。在施加1000mg n kg（-1）的所有土壤的平均值上，总固定的NH4 +增加了55％的可交换NH4 +降低，可交换的NH 4 +降低几乎等于非产值N-15的增加。由固定未计算的NH 4 +的其余部分是部分原因是通过BMP处理的热KCl可提取的有机N的含量显着增加，部分原因是由可更换的NH 4 +转化为热KCl可提取的有机N.总之，根据可交换NH4 +的含量，在土壤中分析固定NH4 +之前的研磨处理可能导致低估或高估。

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