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Composition and Chemistry of the Neutral Atmosphere of Venus

机译：金星中性气氛的组成和化学

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This paper deals with the composition and chemical processes occurring in the neutral atmosphere of Venus. Since the last synthesis, observers as well as modellers have emphasised the spatial and temporal variability of minor species, going beyond a static and uniform picture that may have prevailed in the past. The outline of this paper acknowledges this situation and follows closely the different dimensions along which variability in composition can be observed: vertical, latitudinal, longitudinal, temporal. The strong differences between the atmosphere below and above the cloud layers also dictate the structure of this paper. Observational constraints, obtained from both Earth and Venus Express, as well as 1D, 2D and 3D models results obtained since 1997 are also extensively referred and commented by the authors. An non-exhaustive list of topics included follows: modelled and observed latitudinal and vertical profiles of CO and OCS below the clouds of Venus; vertical profiles of CO and SO_2 above the clouds as observed by solar occultation and modelled; temporal and spatial variability of sulphur oxides above the clouds. As a conclusion, open questions and topics of interest for further studies are discussed.
机译：本文涉及在金星的中性气氛中发生的组成和化学过程。自上次合成以来，观察者以及莫德勒已经强调了次要物种的空间和时间可变性，超出了可能在过去普遍存在的静态和统一的画面之外。本文的轮廓承认这种情况，并密切关注，可以观察到组合物的变异性：垂直，纬度，纵向，时间。云层低于和高于云层之间的强烈差异也决定了本文的结构。从1997年以来获得的1D，2D和3D模型获得的观察约束以及1D，2D和3D模型也被作者广泛传播和评论。遵循的非详尽的主题列表：CO和OC的建模和观察到的纬度和垂直轮廓;由太阳掩星和模拟的云层上方的CO和SO_2垂直剖面;云上方硫氧化物的时间和空间变异。作为一个结论，讨论了对进一步研究感兴趣的开放性问题和主题。

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