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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Mathematical Simulation of the Ionospheric Electric Field as a Part of the Global Electric Circuit
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Mathematical Simulation of the Ionospheric Electric Field as a Part of the Global Electric Circuit

机译：电离层电场的数学模拟作为全球电路的一部分

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Electric currents flowing in the global electric circuit are closed by ionospheric currents. A model for the distribution of the ionospheric potential which drives these currents is constructed. Only the internal electric fields and currents generated by thunderstorms are studied, and without any magnetospheric current sources or generators. The atmospheric conductivity profiles with altitude are empirically determined, and the topography of the Earth's surface is taken into account. A two-dimensional approximation of the ionospheric conductor is based on high conductivities along the geomagnetic field; the Pedersen and Hall conductivity distributions are calculated using empirical models. The values of the potential in the E-and F-layers of the ionosphere are not varied along a magnetic field line in such a model and the electric field strength is only slightly varied because the segments of neighboring magnetic field lines are not strictly parallel. It is shown that the longitudinal and latitudinal components of the ionospheric electric field of the global electric circuit under typical conditions for July, under high solar activity, at the considered point in time, 19: 00 UT, do not exceed 9 mu V/ m, and in the sunlit ionosphere they are less than 2 mu V/ m. The calculated maximum potential difference in the E-and F-layers is 42V; the maximum of the potential occurs above African thunderstorms that are near the terminator at that time. A weak local maximum also exists above the thunderstorm area in Central America. The minimum potential occurs near midnight above the Himalayas. The potential has identical values at ionospheric conjugate points. The voltage increases to 55V at 23: 00 UT and up to 72V at 06: 00 UT, when local midnight comes, respectively, for the African and Central American thunderstorm areas. These voltages are about twice as large at solar minimum. With our more realistic ionospheric model, the electric fields are an order of magnitude smaller t
机译：在全局电路中流动的电流通过电离层电流关闭。构建了驱动这些电流的电离层电位的分布模型。仅研究了雷暴产生的内部电场和电流，并且没有任何磁体电流源或发电机。具有高度的大气电导率分布是经验确定的，并且考虑了地球表面的形貌。电离层导体的二维近似基于沿着地磁场的高导电性;使用经验模型计算Pedersen和霍尔电导率分布。电离层的E-o和F层的电位值在这样的模型中不沿磁场线变化，并且电场强度仅略有变化，因为相邻磁场线的段不严格平行。结果表明，7月份在典型条件下全球电路的电离层电路的纵向和纬度部件，在高太阳能活动下，在考虑的时间点，19：00 UT，不超过9μV/ m在阳光照射电离层中，它们小于2μmV/ m。 E-o和F层的计算最大电位差为42V;最大潜力发生在当时终结者附近的非洲雷暴。弱势局部最大值也存在于中美洲雷暴地区。最小潜力发生在喜马拉雅山之上的午夜附近。电离层缀合物点具有相同的值。当地方午夜分别为非洲和中美洲雷暴地区，电压在23：00 ut的电压下降到55V，在06：00 ut的06℃下达到72V。这些电压在太阳能最小值下大约是大的两倍。凭借我们更现实的电离层模型，电场是一个较小的阶数

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