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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Imaging Spectroscopy for the Detection, Assessment and Monitoring of Natural and Anthropogenic Hazards
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Imaging Spectroscopy for the Detection, Assessment and Monitoring of Natural and Anthropogenic Hazards

机译：用于检测，评估和监测自然和人为危害的成像光谱

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摘要

Natural and anthropogenic hazards have the potential to impact all aspects of society including its economy and the environment. Diagnostic data to inform decision-making are critical for hazard management whether for emergency response, routine monitoring or assessments of potential risks. Imaging spectroscopy (IS) has unique contributions to make via the ability to provide some key quantitative diagnostic information. In this paper, we examine a selection of key case histories representing the state of the art to gain an insight into the achievements and perspectives in the use of visible to shortwave infrared IS for the detection, assessment and monitoring of a selection of significant natural and anthropogenic hazards. The selected key case studies examined provide compelling evidence for the use of theIS technology and its ability to contribute diagnostic information currently unattainable from operational spaceborne Earth observation systems. User requirements for the applications were also evaluated. The evaluation showed that the projected launch of spaceborne IS sensors in the near-, mid and longterm future, together with the increasing availability, quality and moderate cost of offtheshelf sensors, the possibilities to couple unmanned autonomous systems with miniaturized sensors, should be able to meet these requirements. The challenges and opportunities for the scientific community in the future when such data become available will then be ensuring consistency between data from different sensors, developing techniques to efficiently handle, process, integrate and deliver the large volumes of data, and most importantly translating the data to information that meets specific needs of the user community in a form that can be digested/understood by them. The latter is especially important to transforming the technology from a scientific to an operational tool. Additionally, the information must be independently validated using current trusted practices and uncertainties quantified before ISderived measurement can be integrated into operational monitoring services.
机译：自然和人为危害有可能影响社会的各个方面，包括其经济和环境。诊断数据通知决策对于危险管理至关重要，无论是应急响应，常规监测还是对潜在风险的评估。成像光谱（IS）具有通过提供一些关键定量诊断信息的能力来实现的独特贡献。在本文中，我们研究了一系列代表现有技术的关键案例历史，以了解使用对短波红外的可见的成就和观点的洞察，用于检测，评估和监测各种重要的自然和人为危害。所选的重点案例研究审查了利用THEIS技术的令人信服的证据及其贡献目前无法从运营航天地球观测系统中无法达到的诊断信息的能力。还评估了应用程序的用户要求。评价显示，星式载的预计发射是近，中间和长期未来的传感器，以及越来越多的可用性，质量和偏远传感器的成本，应能够与小型化传感器结合无人自治系统的可能性满足这些要求。未来在可用此类数据时，将来的科学界的挑战和机遇将确保来自不同传感器的数据之间的一致性，开发有效处理，处理，集成和提供大量数据的技术，以及最重要的转换数据到满足用户社区以可以被它们消化/理解的形式满足用户社区的特定需求的信息。后者尤为重要，可以将技术从科学转变为操作工具。另外，必须使用当前可信的实践和在才能集成到操作监控服务中之前量化的当前可信的实践和不确定性来独立验证信息。

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