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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Large-Scale Total Water Storage and Water Flux Changes over the Arid and Semiarid Parts of the Middle East from GRACE and Reanalysis Products
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Large-Scale Total Water Storage and Water Flux Changes over the Arid and Semiarid Parts of the Middle East from GRACE and Reanalysis Products

机译：大规模的总储水和水通量在恩典和重新分析产品中，中东干旱和半干旱部件的变化

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摘要

Previous studies indicate that water storage over a large part of the Middle East has been decreased over the last decade. Variability in the total (hydrological) water flux (TWF, i.e., precipitation minus evapotranspiration minus runoff) and water storage changes of the Tigris-Euphrates river basin and Iran's six major basins (Khazar, Persian, Urmia, Markazi, Hamun, and Sarakhs) over 2003-2013 is assessed in this study. Our investigation is performed based on the TWF that are estimated as temporal derivatives of terrestrial water storage (TWS) changes from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) products and those from the reanalysis products of ERA-Interim and MERRA-Land. An inversion approach is applied to consistently estimate the spatio-temporal changes of soil moisture and groundwater storage compartments of the seven basins during the study period from GRACE TWS, altimetry, and land surface model products. The influence of TWF trends on separated water storage compartments is then explored. Our results, estimated as basin averages, indicate negative trends in the maximums of TWF peaks that reach up to -5.2 and -2.6 (mm/month/year) over 2003-2013, respectively, for the Urmia and Tigris-Euphrates basins, which are most likely due to the reported meteorological drought. Maximum amplitudes of the soil moisture compartment exhibit negative trends of -11.1, -6.6, -6.1, -4.8, -4.7, -3.8, and -1.2 (mm/year) for Urmia, Tigris-Euphrates, Khazar, Persian, Markazi, Sarakhs, and Hamun basins, respectively. Strong groundwater storage decrease is found, respectively, within the Khazar -8.6 (mm/year) and Sarakhs -7.0 (mm/year) basins. The magnitude of water storage decline in the Urmia and Tigris-Euphrates basins is found to be bigger than the decrease in the monthly accumulated TWF indicating a contribution of human water use, as well as surface and groundwater flow to the storage decline over the study area.
机译：以前的研究表明，在过去十年中，中东大部分地区的储存储存已经下降。 Tigris-euphrates河流域和伊朗六大盆地（Khazar，Persian，Urmia，Markazi，Hamun和Sarakhs）的总（水文）水通量（TWF，即降水减去蒸散蒸腾散热率和射流变化）和储存变化的曲线速度在这项研究中评估了2003 - 2013年。我们的调查是基于TWF进行的，估计是陆地储存（TWS）的时间衍生物，从重力回收和气候实验（GRATE）产品和来自ERA-临时和Merra-Land的Reanalysis Product的产品的变化。应用反转方法始终估算七个盆地的水分水分和地下水储存室的时空变化在Grace TWS，Altimetry和陆地面模型产品的研究期间。然后探讨了TWF趋势对分离储水室的影响。我们的结果估计为盆地平均值，表明2003 - 2013年达到-5.2和-2.6（mm /月/年）的最大趋势，分别为荨麻疹和Tigris-euphrates盆地，其很可能是由于报告的气象干旱。土壤湿度隔室的最大幅度表现出-11.1，-6.6，-6.1,4.4.8，-4.7，-3.8和-1.2（mm /年）的负趋势，为荨麻疹，Tigris-euphrates，Khazar，波斯语，markazi，萨拉克和哈蒙盆地分别。在Khazar -8.6（MM /年）和Sarakhs -7.0（mm /年）盆地中，分别发现强大的地下水储存减少。发现荨麻疹和右幼牙盆地的水储存幅度大于每月累计TWF的减少，表明人类用水的贡献，以及表面和地下水流向研究区的储存下降。

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