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Biogeographical patterns of bacterial and archaeal communities from distant hypersaline environments

机译：远处高静脉环境的细菌和古群落的生物地图模式

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摘要

Microorganisms are globally distributed but new evidence shows that the microbial structure of their communities can vary due to geographical location and environmental parameters. In this study, 50 samples including brines and sediments from Europe, Spanish-Atlantic and South America were analysed by applying the operational phylogenetic unit (OPU) approach in order to understand whether microbial community structures in hypersaline environments exhibited biogeographical patterns. The fine-tuned identification of approximately 1000 OPUs (almost equivalent to "species") using multivariate analysis revealed regionally distinct taxa compositions. This segregation was more diffuse at the genus level and pointed to a phylogenetic and metabolic redundancy at the higher taxa level, where their different species acquired distinct advantages related to the regional physicochemical idiosyncrasies. The presence of previously undescribed groups was also shown in these environments, such as Parcubacteria, or members of Nanohaloarchaeota in anaerobic hypersaline sediments. Finally, an important OPU overlap was observed between anoxic sediments and their overlaying brines, indicating versatile metabolism for the pelagic organisms. (C) 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
机译：微生物是全球分布的，但是新的证据表明，由于地理位置和环境参数，它们的社区的微生物结构可以不同。在这项研究中，通过应用操作系统发育单位（OPU）方法来了解包括欧洲，西班牙语 - 大西洋和南美洲的50个样本，以便施用疗效环境中的微生物群落结构是否表现出生物地图模式。使用多变量分析的微调鉴定约1000孔（几乎相当于“物种”），揭示了区域不同的征集组合物。该偏析在Genus水平中更漫反射，并指出在较高的分类群水平下的系统发育和代谢冗余，其不同的物种具有与区域物理化学特质相关的明显优势。在这些环境中也显示出先前未描述的基团的存在，例如抗剖腹产，或纳米血红英族沉积物中的纳米突发遗传症。最后，在缺氧沉积物及其覆盖的盐水之间观察到重要的OPU重叠，表明对脑膜生物体的通用代谢。 （c）2017 Elsevier GmbH。版权所有。

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