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首页> 外文期刊>Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment: An International Journal for Scientific Research on the Relationship of Agriculture and Food Production to the Biosphere >Differential response to tree fallows in rotational woodlot systems in semi-arid Tanzania: post-fallow maize yield, nutrient uptake, and soil nutrients.
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Differential response to tree fallows in rotational woodlot systems in semi-arid Tanzania: post-fallow maize yield, nutrient uptake, and soil nutrients.

机译：在半干旱的坦桑尼亚，轮作林地系统对休耕地的不同反应：休耕后的玉米产量，养分吸收和土壤养分。

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摘要

Agroforestry tree species producing high quality litter may enhance post-fallow soil nutrient availability and crop yields through mineralization of soil organic matter and green manure. A split-plot field experiment was used to evaluate maize yield and soil N and P status after fallowing indigenous and exotic tree species of contrasting litter quality. Responses were compared with recommended inorganic fertilizer use. The objective was to assess efficacy of 5-year tree fallows in improving soil productivity to screen species for increased crop yield under rotational woodlot culture, an agroforestry system mainly used for on-farm fuelwood production in semi-arid Tanzania. Post-fallow maize yield and soil nutrients differed significantly among tree fallows. Low C:N and L:N ratios enhanced nutrient release from slash. Acacia polyacantha (indigenous) and Gliricidia sepium fallows doubled maize yield compared to the natural fallow probably due to high soil N and P levels resulting from net release by high quality foliage. First season maize yield was similar to that from combined N and P fertilizers indicating high capacity of the fallows to improve crop yields and reduce fertilizer inputs usually unaffordable to small-scale farmers. Comparatively low maize yield and soil N and P levels after exotic Acacia crassicarpa and Acacia mangium fallows were attributed to net N immobilization by poor quality litter during growing seasons. This study suggests that rotational woodlot systems utilizing tree species with high litter quality can improve both post-fallow maize yield and soil fertility as well as produce sufficient fuelwood. In this aspect, A. polyacantha would be the most appropriate species.
机译：通过土壤有机质和绿肥的矿化，农林树种可以产生高质量的凋落物，从而可以增加休耕后土壤养分的利用率和作物产量。在分indigenous质量较差的本土和外来树种休耕后，采用分块田间试验评估玉米产量以及土壤氮和磷状况。将响应与推荐的无机肥料使用进行了比较。目的是评估5年树休耕法在提高土壤生产力上的有效性，以筛选轮作林地栽培下的物种以增加农作物的产量，该林场是一种农林业系统，主要用于半干旱坦桑尼亚的农场薪材生产。休耕后的玉米休耕后玉米产量和土壤养分差异显着。低的C：N和L：N比例可增强刀耕地的养分释放。相较于天然休耕地，相思多糖（土生）和格里尼西亚琼脂休耕地的玉米产量翻了一番，这可能是由于高品质叶片净释放土壤高氮和磷水平所致。第一季玉米的产量与氮，磷组合肥料的产量相似，这表明休耕地具有提高作物单产和减少化肥投入的能力，这通常是小农无法承受的。外来金合欢和马占相思休耕后玉米产量相对较低，土壤氮和磷水平较低，这归因于生长季节劣质凋落物对净氮的固定作用。这项研究表明，轮作林地系统利用凋落物质量高的树种可以提高休耕后玉米的产量和土壤肥力，并生产足够的薪柴。在这方面，A。polyacantha将是最合适的物种。

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