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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Understanding host–parasite relationship: the immune central nervous system microenvironment and its effect on brain infections
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Understanding host–parasite relationship: the immune central nervous system microenvironment and its effect on brain infections

机译：了解宿主寄生虫关系：免疫中心神经系统微环境及其对脑感染的影响

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The central nervous system (CNS) has been recognized as an immunologically specialized microenvironment, where immune surveillance takes a distinctive character, and where delicate neuronal networks are sustained by anti-inflammatory factors that maintain local homeostasis. However, when a foreign agent such as a parasite establishes in the CNS, a set of immune defences is mounted and several immune molecules are released to promote an array of responses, which ultimately would control the infection and associated damage. Instead, a host–parasite relationship is established, in the context of which a close biochemical coevolution and communication at all organization levels between two complex organisms have developed. The ability of the parasite to establish in its host is associated with several evasion mechanisms to the immune response and its capacity for exploiting host-derived molecules. In this context, the CNS is deeply involved in modulating immune functions, either protective or pathogenic, and possibly in parasitic activity as well, via interactions with evolutionarily conserved molecules such as growth factors, neuropeptides and hormones. This review presents available evidence on some examples of CNS parasitic infections inducing different morbi-mortality grades in low- or middle-income countries, to illustrate how the CNS microenvironment affect pathogen establishment, growth, survival and reproduction in immunocompetent hosts. A better understanding of the influence of the CNS microenvironment on neuroinfections may provide relevant insights into the mechanisms underlying these pathologies.
机译：中枢神经系统（CNS）已被认为是免疫专用的微环境，其中免疫监测采取了独特的特征，并且在维持当地稳态的抗炎因素持续的抗炎因素的影响。然而，当外来剂如寄生虫在CNS中建立时，安装了一组免疫防御，并且释放了几种免疫分子以促进反应阵列，最终会控制感染和相关损伤。相反，在上下文中建立了宿主寄生虫关系，其中在两个复杂生物之间的所有组织水平的紧密生物化学协会和通信中已经开发出来。寄生虫在其宿主中建立的能力与免疫反应的几种逃避机制有关，其利用宿主衍生的分子的能力。在这种情况下，CNS深受涉及调节免疫功能，保护性或致病性，并且可能在寄生活性中，也可以通过与生长因子，神经肽和激素如生长因子，神经肽和激素相互作用。本综述呈现有关在低收入或中等收入国家诱导不同的Morbi死亡率等级的CNS寄生虫感染的可用证据，以说明CNS微环境如何影响免疫活性宿主中的病原体建立，生长，生存和繁殖。更好地理解CNS微环境对神经蛋白感染的影响可以为这些病理学的基础机制提供相关的见解。

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