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Late Cretaceous Temperature Evolution of the Southern High Latitudes: A TEX86 Perspective

机译：南部高纬度的晚期白垩纪温度演变：Tex86的观点

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摘要

The Late Cretaceous was a greenhouse world, characterized by elevated temperatures and high atmospheric pCO_2. Even in the context of an extreme greenhouse climate, existing planktic foraminiferal δ~(18)O data from the Falkland Plateau (paleolatitude of ~55°S) suggest anomalous warmth, with sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) >30 °C for much of the Late Cretaceous, followed by sudden cooling in the Campanian. Over the last two decades, there has been discussion as to whether these high δ~(18)O-based SSTs reflect a genuine temperature signal and, if so, whether there was a local temperature anomaly in the South Atlantic or whether the data are representative of zonal paleotemperatures at 55°S. To provide new insights into the degree of ocean warming in the southern high latitudes during the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Campanian), new SST records from the Falkland and Kerguelen Plateaus are presented here using the organic geochemical paleothermometer TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms (TEX_(86)). Overall, the TEX_(86) data support the δ~(18)O data, indicating extreme and widespread warmth in the middle to high southern latitudes in the Late Cretaceous, with SSTs from 27 to 37 °C. Crucially, the TEX_(86) data show slow, steady cooling from the Turonian to the Campanian and suggest that temperature gradients during the Campanian did not become as steep as suggested by some planktic foraminiferal data.
机译：晚餐是一个温室世界，其特点是温度升高和高气压PCO_2。即使在极端温室气候的背景下，现有的浮躁的五盲素δ〜（18）o来自福克兰平原的数据（古发性〜55°S）表明异常温暖，海面温度（SSTS）> 30°C晚餐后，随后在坎皮兰突然冷却。在过去的二十年中，已经讨论了这些高δ〜（18）的SST是否反映了真正的温度信号，如果是的话，南部大西洋是否存在局部温度异常或是否有数据位于55°S的区域古植物的代表。在白垩纪晚白垩纪（Cenomanian至Campanian）中，在南方高纬度地区的海洋程度提供新的洞察力，来自福克兰和Kerguegen Plateaus的新SST记录，使用了86个碳原子的有机地球化学苍白疗效计四氧化体指数（Tex_ （86））。总的来说，TEX_（86）数据支持Δ〜（18）o数据，表明中间白垩纪中的高南部纬度地区的极端和广泛的温暖，SST为27至37°C。至关重要的是，TEX_（86）数据显示从阿兰安到坎皮尼亚人的缓慢，稳定地冷却，并表明坎皮尼亚人期间的温度梯度不会变得如某些综合性传染率数据所提出的陡峭。

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