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Southwest Pacific Vertical Structure Influences on Oceanic Carbon Storage Since the Last Glacial Maximum

机译：西南太平洋垂直结构对海洋碳储存的影响自上次冰川最大值

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Lower atmospheric CO_2 concentrations during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 23.0-18.0 ka) have been attributed to the sequestration of respired carbon in the ocean interior, yet the mechanism responsible for the release of this CO_2 during the deglaciation remains uncertain. Here we present calculations of vertical differences in oxygen and carbon isotopes (Δδ~(18)O and Δδ~(13)C, respectively) from a depth transect of southwest Pacific Ocean sediment cores to reconstruct changes in water mass structure and CO_2 storage. During the Last Glacial Maximum, Δδ~(18)O indicates a more homogenous deep Pacific below 1,100 m, whereas regional Δδ~(13)C elucidates greater sequestration of CO_2 in two distinct layers: enhanced CO_2 storage at intermediate depths between ~940 and 1,400 m, and significantly more CO_2 at 1,600 m and below. This highlights an isolated glacial intermediate water mass and places the main geochemical divide at least 500 m shallower than the Holocene. During the initial stages of the deglaciation in Heinrich Stadial 1 (17.5-14.5 ka), restructuring of the upper ~2,000 m of the southwest Pacific water column coincided with sea-ice retreat and rapid CO_2 release from intermediate depths, while CO_2 release from the deep ocean was earlier and more gradual than waters above it. These changes suggest that sea-ice retreat and shifts in Southern Ocean frontal locations contributed to rapid CO_2 ventilation from the Southern Ocean's intermediate depths and gradual ventilation from the deep ocean during the early deglaciation.
机译：在上次冰川最大值（LGM; 23.0-18.0ka）期间较低的大气CO_2浓度已归因于海洋内部的呼吸碳的封存，然而，负责在嗜血期间释放该CO_2的机制仍然不确定。在这里，我们在西南太平洋沉积物核心的深度横断下，氧气和碳同位素（Δδ〜（18）o和Δδ〜（13）c的垂直差异计算，以重建水质量结构和CO_2储存的变化。在最后的冰川最大值期间，Δδ〜（18）O表示在1,100μm以下的更均匀的深度太平洋，而区域Δδ〜（13）C在两个明显的层中阐明了CO_2的更高封存：在〜940之间的中间深度的增强的CO_2储存1,400米，在1,600米及以下，CO_2显着更多。这突出了隔离的冰川中间水质，并将主要地球化学除以500米的浅，比全新世。在海因里希1（17.5-14.5 kA）中的初始阶段（17.5-14.5 kA）期间，西南太平洋水柱的重组与海冰撤退和从中间深度的快速释放，同时从中释放深海早期，比它上方的水更逐渐渐渐。这些变化表明，海冰撤退和南海正面地区的转变为快速的CO_2通风，从南海的中间深度和从深海逐渐通风，在早期的崩解期间。

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