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首页> 外文期刊>PASJ: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan >High-energy gamma-ray and neutrino production in star-forming galaxies across cosmic time: Difficulties in explaining the IceCube data
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High-energy gamma-ray and neutrino production in star-forming galaxies across cosmic time: Difficulties in explaining the IceCube data

机译：高能伽马射线和中微子生产在宇宙时间的星形星系中：难以解释冰箱数据

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摘要

We present new theoretical modeling to predict the luminosity and spectrum of gamma-ray and neutrino emission of a star-forming galaxy, from the star formation rate (psi), gas mass (M-gas), stellar mass, and disk size, taking into account production, propagation, and interactions of cosmic rays. The model reproduces the observed gamma-ray luminosities of nearby galaxies detected by Fermi better than the simple power-law models as a function of psi or psi M-gas. This model is then used to predict the cosmic background flux of gamma-rays and neutrinos from star-forming galaxies, by using a semi-analytical model of cosmological galaxy formation that reproduces many observed quantities of local and high-redshift galaxies. Calibration of the model using gamma-ray luminosities of nearby galaxies allows us to make a more reliable prediction than previous studies. In our baseline model, star-forming galaxies produce about 20% of the isotropic gamma-ray background unresolved by Fermi, and only 0.5% of IceCube neutrinos. Even with an extreme model assuming a hard injection cosmic-ray spectral index of 2.0 for all galaxies, at most 22% of IceCube neutrinos can be accounted for. These results indicate that it is difficult to explain most of the IceCube neutrinos by star-forming galaxies, without violating the gamma-ray constraints from nearby galaxies.
机译：我们提出了新的理论模型，以预测γ射线和中微子排放的γ-形成星系的亮度和光谱，从星形成速率（PSI），气体质量（M气），恒星块和圆盘尺寸，采取考虑到宇宙射线的制作，传播和相互作用。该模型再现由Fermi检测到的附近星系的观察到的Gamma射线发光，而不是简单的电力法模型作为PSI或PSI M-气体的功能。然后，通过使用宇宙学星形形成的半分析模型来预测该模型来预测来自星形星系的γ射线和中微子的宇宙背景通量。使用附近星系的伽马射线光发光校准模型使我们能够比以前的研究更可靠的预测。在我们的基线模型中，恒星形成的星系产生约20％的费米未解决的各向同性γ射线背景，并且只有0.5％的iceCube中微子。甚至对于所有星系都具有2.0的硬注射宇宙射线光谱指数，即使是所有星系的硬注射宇宙光谱指数，也可以占22％的ICecube Nearrinos。这些结果表明，难以通过恒星的星系来解释大多数冰箱中微子，而不违反附近星系的伽马射线限制。

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