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首页> 外文期刊>Pedobiologia >Temperature responses in a subarctic springtail from two geothermally warmed habitats
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Temperature responses in a subarctic springtail from two geothermally warmed habitats

机译：来自两个地热温热的栖息地的亚曲率跳跃中的温度响应

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Common-garden experiments with populations sampled along natural thermal gradients help to reveal local adaptation, disentangle environmental and genetic effects, and ultimately predict, by analogy, future biotic responses to climate change. In this regard, geothermal habitats are useful model systems as they exhibit dramatic changes in soil temperature. The springtail Protaphorura pseudovanderdrifti has apparently coped with such local geothermal warming in Iceland, as this species occurs along a more than half-century-old geothermal gradient in a grassland and persists along a newly emerged temperature gradient in a previously non-geothermal planted spruce forest. We measured thermal reaction norms for development and walking speed and acute cold shock tolerance of P. pseudovanderdrifti originating from the grassland and forest geothermal gradients. Temperature-dependent juvenile development showed little variation among subpopulations from the recently warmed forest, probably due to insufficient evolutionary time, but springtails from the warmed grassland plots had significantly steeper reaction norms than their counterparts from the corresponding unwarmed plot. In contrast, cold tolerance and locomotory activity showed no conclusive clinal pattern despite significant within-habitat variation. There appeared to be significant differences between habitats, as springtails from the forest had more temperature-sensitive developmental rate and locomotory activity, walked faster, and exhibited more variable cold tolerance than grassland springtails did. The planting of a forest, therefore, seems to have exerted a stronger effect on the thermal phenotype of P. pseudovanderdrifti than the emergence of a geothermal gradient. Thus, habitat properties may be no less important in shaping thermal reaction norms than the mean temperature. These local-scale findings suggest that, in addition to warming per se, global transformation of communities may drive the evolution of thermal phenotypes to an extent comparable with the effect of rising environmental temperature.
机译：沿着天然热梯度采样的群体共用园林实验有助于揭示当地适应，解除戒开环境和遗传效果，并最终通过类比预测未来的气候变化的生物反应。在这方面，地热栖息地是有用的模型系统，因为它们表现出土壤温度的显着变化。 SpringTail ProtaphoruraPseudovanderdrive在冰岛的这种当地地热变暖时，由于这种物种在草地上发生了超过半个世纪的地热梯度，并且沿着以前非地热植物云杉森林沿着新出现的温度梯度持续存在。我们测量了源自草地和森林地热梯度的P.Pseudovanderdrive的发育和步行速度和急性冷震耐受的热反应规范。温度依赖性的少年发展在最近温暖的森林中表现出群体的几乎变化，可能是由于进化时间不足，但是来自温暖的草地图的跳跃，比来自相应的未扫描的情节的对应物显着陡峭的反应规范。相比之下，尽管存在显着的栖息地变化，但耐寒耐性和机车活动没有结论性肠系模式。栖息地之间似乎存在显着差异，因为森林的春季赛有更多的温度敏感的发育速度和机器人活动，走得更快，并且比草原春天的速度更快地走得更快。因此，森林的种植似乎对P.PseudovanderdriTifti的热表型产生了更强的影响，而不是地热梯度的出现。因此，在形成比平均温度的形成热反应规范中，栖息地性质可能不太重要。这些局部规模的研究结果表明，除了温暖本身之外，整个社区的转化也可能在与环境温度上升的影响相比的程度上推动热表型的演变。

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