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首页> 外文期刊>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. Biological Sciences >Life-history theory in psychology and evolutionary biology: one research programme or two?
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Life-history theory in psychology and evolutionary biology: one research programme or two?

机译：心理学与进化生物学中的生命历史理论：一项研究计划还是两个研究计划？

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摘要

The term 'life-history theory' (LHT) is increasingly often invoked in psychology, as a framework for integrating understanding of psychological traits into a broader evolutionary context. Although LHT as presented in psychology papers (LHT-P) is typically described as a straightforward extension of the theoretical principles from evolutionary biology that bear the same name (LHT-E), the two bodies of work are not well integrated. Here, through a close reading of recent papers, we argue that LHT-E and LHT-P are different research programmes in the Lakatosian sense. The core of LHT-E is built around ultimate evolutionary explanation, via explicit mathematical modelling, of how selection can drive divergent evolution of populations or species living under different demographies or ecologies. The core of LHT-P concerns measurement of covariation, across individuals, of multiple psychological traits; the proximate goals these serve; and their relation to childhood experience. Some of the links between LHT-E and LHT-P are false friends. For example, elements that are marginal in LHT-E are core commitments of LHT-P, and where explanatory principles are transferred from one to the other, nuance can be lost in transmission. The methodological rules for what grounds a prediction in theory are different in the two cases. Though there are major differences between LHT-E and LHT-P at present, there is much potential for greater integration in the future, through both theoretical modelling and further empirical research.
机译：术语“终身历史论”（LHT）越来越多地在心理学中调用，作为将心理特征的理解整合到更广泛的进化环境中的框架。虽然如在心理学论文（LHT-P）中呈现的LHT通常被描述为来自进化生物学的理论原则的直接延伸，但是这两个工作体并不完全集成。在这里，通过近期阅读近期纸张，我们认为LHT-E和LHT-P在Lakatosian的意义上是不同的研究计划。 LHT-E的核心是通过明确的数学建模的最终进化解释构建，其中选择如何在不同的人群或生态学下驾驶群体或物种的分歧演变。 LHT-P的核心涉及多种心理特征的相变的调节;这些服务的近似目标;及其与童年经验的关系。 LHT-E和LHT-P之间的一些链接是假朋友。例如，LHT-E中边际的元素是LHT-P的核心承诺，其中解释性原理从一个转移到另一个，差异可以在传输中丢失。理论上预测的方法的方法论规则在两种情况下是不同的。虽然目前LHT-E与LHT-P之间存在重大差异，但通过理论建模和进一步的实证研究，将来会更大的整合潜力。

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