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首页> 外文期刊>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. Biological Sciences >Thermal tolerance patterns across latitude and elevation
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Thermal tolerance patterns across latitude and elevation

机译：横跨纬度和高度的热容差模式

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摘要

Linking variation in species' traits to large-scale environmental gradients can lend insight into the evolutionary processes that have shaped functional diversity and future responses to environmental change. Here, we ask how heat and cold tolerance vary as a function of latitude, elevation and climate extremes, using an extensive global dataset of ectotherm and endotherm thermal tolerance limits, while accounting for methodological variation in acclimation temperature, ramping rate and duration of exposure among studies. We show that previously reported relationships between thermal limits and latitude in ectotherms are robust to variation in methods. Heat tolerance of terrestrial ectotherms declined marginally towards higher latitudes and did not vary with elevation, whereas heat tolerance of freshwater and marine ectotherms declined more steeply with latitude. By contrast, cold tolerance limits declined steeply with latitude in marine, intertidal, freshwater and terrestrial ectotherms, and towards higher elevations on land. In all realms, both upper and lower thermal tolerance limits increased with extreme daily temperature, suggesting that different experienced climate extremes across realms explain the patterns, as predicted under the Climate Extremes Hypothesis. Statistically accounting for methodological variation in acclimation temperature, ramping rate and exposure duration improved model fits, and increased slopes with extreme ambient temperature. Our results suggest that fundamentally different patterns of thermal limits found among the earth's realms may be largely explained by differences in episodic thermal extremes among realms, updating global macrophysiological 'rules'.
机译：将物种特征与大规模环境梯度的连接变异可以介绍对具有形状的功能多样性和对环境变化的未来反应的进化过程。在这里，我们询问热量和耐寒性如何随着纬度，高度和气候极端的函数而变化，使用广泛的全球性数据集和吸热热容差限制，同时占适应温度，斜坡率和曝光期间的方法论变化学习。我们表明，先前报道了Ectotherms中的热限制和纬度之间的关系是鲁棒的方法。畜牧业的耐热性略微下降，略微向纬度较高，并且没有随着升高而变化，而淡水和海洋疗法的耐热性更加陡峭地下降。相比之下，寒冷的耐受限制急剧下降，海洋，跨境，淡水和地面异位，以及陆地上升的升高。在所有领域中，高度和下部热容差值随着极端的每日温度而增加，表明跨境跨境的不同经验的气候极端解释了这种模式，如气候极端假设所预测的模式。统计上占适应温度，斜坡率和曝光持续时间的方法的变化，改善模型适合，并且具有极端环境温度的增加的斜坡。我们的研究结果表明，地球领域中发现的根本不同的热限制模式可能主要通过领域之间的情节热极端之间的差异来解释，更新全球大学生“规则”。

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