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首页> 外文期刊>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. Biological Sciences >Linking thermal adaptation and life-history theory explains latitudinal patterns of voltinism
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Linking thermal adaptation and life-history theory explains latitudinal patterns of voltinism

机译：连接热适应和寿命历史理论解释了强大主义的纬度模式

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摘要

Insect life cycles are adapted to a seasonal climate by expressing alternative voltinism phenotypes-the number of generations in a year. Variation in voltinism phenotypes along latitudinal gradients may be generated by developmental traits at critical life stages, such as eggs. Both voltinism and egg development are thermally determined traits, yet independently derived models of voltinism and thermal adaptation refer to the evolution of dormancy and thermal sensitivity of development rate, respectively, as independent influences on life history. To reconcile these models and test their respective predictions, we characterized patterns of voltinism and thermal response of egg development rate along a latitudinal temperature gradient using the matchstick grasshopper genus Warramaba. We found remarkably strong variation in voltinism patterns, as well as corresponding egg dormancy patterns and thermal responses of egg development. Our results show that the switch in voltinism along the latitudinal gradient was explained by the combined predictions of the evolution of voltinism and of thermal adaptation. We suggest that latitudinal patterns in thermal responses and corresponding life histories need to consider the evolution of thermal response curves within the context of seasonal temperature cycles rather than based solely on optimality and trade-offs in performance.
机译：昆虫生命周期适应季节性气候，通过表达替代的voltinism表型 - 一年中的几代人数。沿着纬度梯度的Voltinism表型的变化可以通过临界生命阶段（例如鸡蛋）的发育性状产生。 voltinism和鸡蛋发育都是热固定的特征，但散尔主义和热适应的独立导出模型是指分别作为对生命历史的独立影响的开发率的休眠和热敏性的演变。为了调和这些模型并测试各自的预测，我们使用火柴蚱蜢Gramaba沿着纬度温度梯度来表征潮曲线主义和卵发育率的热响应的模式。我们发现潮曲线主义模式的显着变化，以及相应的蛋休眠模式和蛋发育的热反应。我们的研究结果表明，沿纬度梯度沿纬度梯度的开关通过组合预测和热适应的延伸预测来解释。我们建议热响应和相应的寿命中的纬度模式需要考虑在季节性温度循环的背景下的热响应曲线的演变，而不是仅基于性能的最优性和权衡。

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