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首页> 外文期刊>Physica Scripta: An International Journal for Experimental and Theoretical Physics >Ultra-fast silicon electro-optic modulator based on ITO-integrated directional coupler
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Ultra-fast silicon electro-optic modulator based on ITO-integrated directional coupler

机译：基于ITO - 集成定向耦合器的超快速硅电光调制器

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摘要

An optical modulator is a very essential component in optoelectronic communication system as it generates an optical data stream out of an applied electric signal. Designing devices with subwavelength dimensions turned out to be a challenge constrained by the 'diffraction limit'. Plasmonic-based devices had overcome this issue, reaching miniature footprint but introducing high propagation losses. Alternative materials such as conducting transparent oxides (TCOs) act as an optical dielectric material with an excess of free carriers. By adjusting the gating potential on such materials, an epsilon-near-zero state can be reached and the material exhibits a metal-like behavior, in terms of the optical losses. A very popular TCO material is indium tin oxide (ITO). In this work, ITO is utilized in electro-optic modulator design based on a directional coupler device with a slot waveguide platform. The design introduces an ITO/HfO2 combination in the coupler section waveguide. An extinction ratio more than 9 dB and an insertion loss less than 0.9 dB are achieved at a telecommunication standard wavelength of 1.55 mu m. Additionally, an average energy per bit (E) of 4.355 fJ/bit as well as an operating bandwidth up to 1 THz, under optimal conditions, are attained.
机译：光学调制器是光电通信系统中的一个非常重要的组件，因为它产生了所施加的电信号的光学数据流。设计具有亚波长尺寸的设备，是由“衍射限制”约束的挑战。基于等离子体的设备克服了这个问题，达到了微型占地面积，但引入了高传播损失。诸如进行透明氧化物（TCOS）的替代材料用作具有过量的游离载体的光学介电材料。通过调节这些材料上的门控电位，可以达到epsilon - 近零状态，并且在光学损耗方面，材料表现出金属状行为。一种非常流行的TCO材料是氧化铟锡（ITO）。在这项工作中，基于具有槽波导平台的定向耦合器装置，ITO用于电光调制器设计。该设计在耦合器部分波导中引入了ITO / HFO2组合。在电信标准波长为1.55μm的电信标准波长下，实现了超过9dB的消光比率和小于0.9dB的插入损耗。另外，达到了4.355 FJ /位的平均能量，以及在最佳条件下最高可达1至1至1至1至THz的操作带宽。

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