• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Physica Scripta: An International Journal for Experimental and Theoretical Physics >Light for the quantum. Entangled photons and their applications: a very personal perspective
【24h】

Light for the quantum. Entangled photons and their applications: a very personal perspective

机译：量子的光。 纠缠的光子及其应用：非常个人的视角

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The quantum physics of light is a most fascinating field. Here I present a very personal viewpoint, focusing on my own path to quantum entanglement and then on to applications. I have been fascinated by quantum physics ever since I heard about it for the first time in school. The theory struck me immediately for two reasons: (1) its immense mathematical beauty, and (2) the unparalleled precision to which its predictions have been verified again and again. Particularly fascinating for me were the predictions of quantum mechanics for individual particles, individual quantum systems. Surprisingly, the experimental realization of many of these fundamental phenomena has led to novel ideas for applications. Starting from my early experiments with neutrons, I later became interested in quantum entanglement, initially focusing on multi-particle entanglement like GHZ states. This work opened the experimental possibility to do quantum teleportation and quantum hyper-dense coding. The latter became the first entanglement-based quantum experiment breaking a classical limitation. One of the most fascinating phenomena is entanglement swapping, the teleportation of an entangled state. This phenomenon is fundamentally interesting because it can entangle two pairs of particles which do not share any common past. Surprisingly, it also became an important ingredient in a number of applications, including quantum repeaters which will connect future quantum computers with each other. Another application is entanglement-based quantum cryptography where I present some recent long-distance experiments. Entanglement swapping has also been applied in very recent so-called loophole-free tests of Bell's theorem. Within the physics community such loophole-free experiments are perceived as providing nearly definitive proof that local realism is untenable. While, out of principle, local realism can never be excluded entirely, the 2015 achievements narrow down the remaining possibilities for local realistic explanations of the quantum phenomenon of entanglement in a significant way. These experiments may go down in the history books of science. Future experiments will address particularly the freedom-of-choice loophole using cosmic sources of randomness. Such experiments confirm that unconditionally secure quantum cryptography is possible, since quantum cryptography based on Bell's theorem can provide unconditional security. The fact that the experiments were loophole-free proves that an eavesdropper cannot avoid detection in an experiment that correctly follows the protocol. I finally discuss some recent experiments with single- and entangled-photon states in higher dimensions. Such experiments realized quantum entanglement between two photons, each with quantum numbers beyond 10 000 and also simultaneous entanglement of two photons where each carries more than 100 dimensions. Thus they offer the possibility of quantum communication with more than one bit or qubit per photon. The paper concludes discussing Einstein's contributions and viewpoints of quantum mechanics. Even if some of his positions are not supported by recent experiments, he has to be given credit for the fact that his analysis of fundamental issues gave rise to developments which led to a new information technology. Finally, I reflect on some of the lessons learned by the fact that nature cannot be local, that objective randomness exists and about the emergence of a classical world. It is suggestive that information plays a fundamental role also in the foundations of quantum physics.
机译：光的量子物理学是最令人着迷的田地。在这里，我提出了一个非常个人的观点，专注于我自己的量子纠缠，然后对应用程序进行关注。自从我在学校第一次听到它以来，我有史以来一直被量子物理着迷。该理论立即让我震惊了两个原因：（1）其巨大的数学美，（2）其预测一次又一次地核实了无与伦比的精确度。对我来说特别令人着迷的是对个体颗粒，单个量子系统的量子力学的预测。令人惊讶的是，许多这些基本现象的实验性实现导致了对应用的新颖思想。从我的早期实验开始，我以后对量子纠缠感兴趣，最初关注GHz状态等多粒子纠缠。这项工作开通了对量子传送和量子超密集编码进行了实验的可能性。后者成为了第一个缠绕的Quantum实验，突破了经典的限制。其中一个最令人迷人的现象是纠缠交换，传送纠缠州。这种现象从根本上很有趣，因为它可以缠绕两对颗粒，这些颗粒不分享任何共同的过去。令人惊讶的是，它也成为许多应用中的重要成分，包括量子中继器，它将彼此连接到未来量子计算机。另一个应用是基于纠缠的量子密码学，其中我介绍了一些最近的长距离实验。纠缠交换也已应用于最近的贝尔定理的无漏洞测试。在物理学中，社区认为这种无漏洞的实验被认为是提供了几乎最明确的证据，即当地的现实主义是站不住脚的。虽然，原则上，但是，当地的现实主义永远不会完全被排除在外，2015年成就缩小了局部现实解释的剩余可能性，以显着的方式。这些实验可能会在科学历史书中下降。未来的实验将特别介绍使用宇宙的随机性选择自由度漏洞。这种实验证实，由于基于贝尔定理的量子密码可以提供无条件安全性，因此可以提供无条件的安全量子密码术。实验是无漏洞的事实证明，窃听者无法避免在正确遵循协议的实验中检测。我终于讨论了最近的一些实验，在更高的尺寸上具有单簇和缠结的光子状态。这种实验在两个光子之间实现了量子缠结，每个光子缠结，每种光子数超过10 000，并且同时缠绕两个光子，其中每个光子携带超过100个维度。因此，它们提供了与每光子多于一位或Qubit的量子通信的可能性。本文得出结论讨论爱因斯坦的贡献和对量子力学的观点。即使最近的实验不支持他的一些职位，他也必须获得信誉，即他对基本问题的分析产生了导致新信息技术的发展。最后，我反思了本质所吸取的一些经验教训，即本性不能成为当地，即客观的随机性存在和古典世界的出现。暗示信息在量子物理学的基础上也发挥着重要作用。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号