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首页> 外文期刊>Physics of atomic nuclei >Compact Star Clusters as Sources of Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos
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Compact Star Clusters as Sources of Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos

机译：紧凑的星星作为宇宙射线和中微子的来源

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The origin of cosmic rays is one of the most important questions in modern astrophysics. Leading world observatories are engaged in their search in our Galaxy and beyond. Current observations of bright sources of hard X-rays and gamma radiation require precise models of cosmic-ray accelerators and emission generation. Recent detection of astrophysical neutrinos with the energy exceeding 10(15) eV achieved by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and registration by the LOFAR observatory of the light cosmic-ray component at 10(16)-10(17) eV have given rise to a wide discussion of whether its sources are galactic or extragalactic. H.E.S.S. observations of high-energy gamma-ray sources in compact massive clusters Westerlund 1 and Cl*1806-20 triggered a new search for the models of effective accelerators of high-energy cosmic rays, socalled galactic PeVatrons. In this paper, the properties of compact massive young stellar clusters as possible sources of cosmic rays, neutrinos, and gamma emission are discussed. We suppose that an expanding supernova remnant in a compact massive cluster is an effective cosmic-ray accelerator up to the energies of 10(15) eV and beyond. Energy spectra of particles being accelerated in the system of colliding shocks generated by a supernova remnant interaction with nearby stellar winds have a broken power-law shape with a strong upturn around several teraelectronvolts and a cutoff energy at tens of petaelectronvolts. These sources provide the maximal emission flux at the maximal energies of the spectrum. Teraelectronvolt sources detected by H.E.S.S. could be related to supernova remnants in Westerlund 1 and Cl*1806-20 and be responsible for the 10% of the IceCube neutrino events. We have also shown that PeVatrons in the systems of colliding shocks can provide up to 80% of the light cosmic-ray component at the energies of 10(16)-10(17) eV detected at the Earth.
机译：宇宙射线的起源是现代天体物理学中最重要的问题之一。领先的世界观察者在我们的银河系中搜索了他们的搜索。目前对硬X射线和伽马辐射的明亮来源的观察需要精确的宇宙射线加速器和发射产生模型。最近在10（16）-10（17）EV的光宇宙射线组分的偏光溶宇射线组分的促射床观测所获得的能量超过10（15 )EV的近似检测到的能量。讨论其来源是否是银河系或丙二乳酸。 H.E.S.在紧凑的大规模集群Westerlund 1和Cl * 1806-20中观察高能伽马射源源的观察引发了对高能量宇宙射线的有效加速器的型号，所以可以获得高能宇宙射线的模型。本文讨论了紧凑型幼术簇的特性，作为宇宙射线，中微子和伽马发射的可能源。我们假设紧凑型大规模集群中的扩展超新星残余物是一种有效的宇宙射线加速器，其能量为10（15）个EV及更远。通过与附近的恒风轮产生的超新星残余相互作用产生的碰撞冲击系统中加速的颗粒的能谱具有破碎的动力法形状，其围绕几个TEREElectronvolts围绕几十个PetaElectronvolts的截止能量。这些来源在光谱的最大能量下提供最大排放量。由H.S.S.检测到的TeraElectronVolt源可能与Westerlund 1和CL * 1806-20中的超新星残留有关，并负责10％的ICecube Neutrino事件。我们还表明，碰撞体系中的PEVATRON可以在地球检测到的10（16）-10（17）EV的能量下提供高达80％的光宇宙射线元件。

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