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Shear viscosity of a hadron gas and influence of resonance lifetimes on relaxation time

机译:强子气体的剪切粘度和谐振寿命对松弛时间的影响

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摘要

We address a discrepancy between different computations of eta/s (shear viscosity over entropy density) of hadronic matter. Substantial deviations of this coefficient are found between transport approaches mainly based on resonance propagation with finite lifetime and other (semianalytical) approaches with energy-dependent cross sections, where interactions do not introduce a timescale. We provide an independent extraction of this coefficient by using the newly developed SMASH (Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly interacting Hadrons) transport code, which is an example of a mainly resonance-based approach. We compare the results from SMASH with numerical solutions of the Boltzmann equation for simple systems using the Chapman-Enskog expansion, as well as previous results in the literature. Our conclusion is that the hadron interaction via resonance formation/decay strongly affects the transport properties of the system, resulting in significant differences in eta/s with respect to other approaches where binary collisions dominate. We argue that the relaxation time of the system-which characterizes the shear viscosity-is determined by the interplay between the mean free time and the lifetime of resonances. We show how an artificial shortening of the resonance lifetimes, or the addition of a background elastic cross section nicely interpolate between the two discrepant results.
机译:我们在屈光度物质的ETA / S(剪切粘度上)的不同计算之间存在差异。在运输方法之间发现该系数的大量偏差主要基于具有有限寿命和其他(半髋星展)与能量相关横截面的相应横截面的谐振传播,其中相互作用不会引入时间尺度。我们通过使用新开发的粉碎(模拟许多加速强烈互动的HADRONS)传输代码来提供独立提取这种系数,这是主要共振的方法的示例。通过使用Chapman-Enskog扩展,将粉碎的结果与Boltzmann方程的数值解决方案进行比较,以及使用Chapman-Enskog扩展的简单系统,以及在文献中的先前结果。我们的结论是,通过共振形成/衰变的强子相互作用强烈影响系统的运输特性,导致ETA / S相对于二元碰撞支配的其他方法产生显着差异。我们认为系统的放松时间 - 表征剪切粘度 - 由平均自由时间与共振寿命之间的相互作用决定。我们展示了如何缩短共振寿命,或者在两个差异结果之间添加背景弹性横截面。

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