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Effects of cultivars, water regimes, and growth stages on cadmium accumulation in rice with different radial oxygen loss

机译：不同径向氧气损失对水稻镉积累的影响

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Background and aims Large areas of paddy fields have been contaminated by cadmium (Cd) in both China and worldwide, resulting in excessive Cd accumulation in rice grains. Here, we investigated the effects of cultivars, water regimes, and growth stages on Cd accumulation in rice with different radial oxygen loss (ROL). Methods Two groups of experiments were conducted: pot trials with soil-added Cd and solution-added agar using 20 rice cultivars and a rhizobag trial with Cd-contaminated soil and pot trial with solution-added agar under flooded and non-flooded water regimes with three growth stages and two cultivars. Results Different rice cultivars exhibited different porosity, Cd tolerance, and Cd accumulation in grains, which were significantly correlated with ROL. Cd concentration in shoots was significantly lower under the flooded (0.13-1.01, mean 0.56 mg kg(-1)) than non-flooded regime (0.68-1.39, mean 0.97 mg kg(-1)). The low Cd-accumulating cultivar showed higher rates of ROL, higher Cd combined with Fe plaque formation, and lower Cd bioavailability in the rhizosphere soil than the high-Cd accumulating cultivar. Conclusions Rice cultivars grown under flooded regimes effectively reduced Cd accumulation in edible parts, and the later stage was crucial for reducing Cd accumulation. Low Cd-accumulating cultivars generally exhibited a higher ability to reduce Cd bioavailability in the rhizosphere soil.
机译：背景和目标大面积的稻田被中国和全球镉（CD）污染，导致水稻谷物的CD积累过多。在这里，我们调查了品种，水制革和生长阶段对水稻中CD积累的影响，不同的径向氧气损失（ROL）。方法进行两组实验：使用20种水稻和溶液加入的琼脂与CD污染的土壤和盆栽试验与溶液添加的琼脂进行罐试验，并在洪水淹没和非洪水水中制度三个生长阶段和两种品种。结果不同的水稻品种表现出不同的孔隙率，Cd耐受性和晶粒积聚，与ROL显着相关。在淹水（0.13-1.01，平均0.56mg kg（-1）下，芽中的Cd浓度明显低于未淹水的状态（0.68-1.39，平均0.97mg kg（-1））。低CD累积品种表现出较高的ROL，较高的CD与Fe斑块形成结合的速率，并且在根际土壤中降低CD生物利用度，而不是高CD积聚品种。结论在洪水制度下生长的水稻品种有效降低了可食用部分的CD积累，后期阶段对于降低CD累积至关重要。低CD累积品种通常表现出更高的能力降低根际土壤中的CD生物利用度。

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