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首页> 外文期刊>Plant and Soil >Early stage effects of Verticillium wilt of olive (WVO) on nutrient use in young olive trees grown in soils amended with compost and mineral fertilisation
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Early stage effects of Verticillium wilt of olive (WVO) on nutrient use in young olive trees grown in soils amended with compost and mineral fertilisation

机译：橄榄（WVO）对肥胖和矿物施肥的少年橄榄树营养用途对橄榄（WVO）对养分使用的早期影响

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Background and AimsVerticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae (Kleb), is one of the most severe diseases of olive trees in Mediterranean agriculture. At present, the use of organic amendments is considered an effective means to combat certain soil-borne plant diseases while in turn supplying plants with nutrients. The aim of this study was to determine the early stage effects of Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) on macronutrient uptake and in planta mobility by analysing nutrients in young olive trees.MethodsYoung olive trees were grown in unamended as well organically amended soils (employing two distinct olive mill waste composts, C1 and C2) in the presence or absence of mineral fertilisation. Half of the soils were inoculated with Verticillium dahliae (Vd) defoliating (D) pathotype, leaving the other half non-inoculated. At 22 and 100days after inoculation, nutrient content (N, P, K, S, Ca, and Mg) was analysed in mature and young leaves.ResultsOlive mill compost enhanced N, P, K and S availability but did not prevent Verticillium infection in young olive trees. Pathogen inoculation affected nutrient content in mature and young leaves and reduced leaf nutrient input during the early stages of host colonization. Stronger effects were observed in pathogen inoculated plants grown in soil amended with C2, coinciding with high N and P and transiently low S availability. Leaf K input showed the highest sensitivity to V. dahliae inoculation.ConclusionsIn high N conditions, deleterious effects caused by Vd on young olive trees may be overcome by promoting the growth of new shoots. We present evidence that Vd requires S during the initial stages of host colonization, in which plant-pathogen competition for this element is key, and that low levels of S in foliage during such early stages may enhance Verticillium wilt development.
机译：背景和Aims逆梨枯萎病，由土壤传播的致病性真菌（Kleb）引起的，是地中海农业中最严重的橄榄树疾病之一。目前，使用有机修改被认为是对抗某些土壤传播的植物疾病的有效手段，同时依次提供营养素的植物。本研究的目的是通过分析年轻橄榄树中的营养成分，确定橄榄（VWO）对橄榄（VWO）对橄榄（VWO）的早期阶段效果，在幼零橄榄树中的营养成分中，在有机修正的土壤中，在尚未调用的土壤中，在尚未调用的土壤中成长（雇用两种）不同的橄榄磨废堆肥，C1和C2）在存在或缺乏矿物施肥中。用verticillium dahliae（Vd）脱落（d）甲状腺型接种一半的土壤，使另一半不接种。在接种后，在22和1000天后，在成熟和幼叶中分析营养含量（n，p，k，s，ca和mg）。结果磨机堆肥增强了n，p，k和s的可用性，但没有防止verticillium感染年轻的橄榄树。病原体接种影响成熟和幼叶中的营养含量，并在宿主定植的早期阶段减少叶片营养输入。在用C2的土壤中生长的病原体接种植物中观察到更强的效果，与高N和P和瞬时低的可用性重合。叶子K输入显示了对V. Dahliae接种的最高敏感性。可以通过促进新芽的生长来克服由vd对年轻橄榄树的VD引起的有害影响。我们提出了VD在宿主定植的初始阶段需要S的证据，其中该元素的植物病原体竞争是关键，并且在此类早期阶段的叶子中的低水平均可增强苔藓枯萎病变。

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