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Understory plant interactions along a successional gradient in Central Amazon

机译：亚马逊中部地区梯度的床上植物相互作用

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Background and aims Plant-plant interactions, other than competition for light, may be responsible for arrested succession in secondary forests dominated by species of the genusVismia. We aimed to investigate seedlings' responses to the cumulative effect of root competition and the presence of understory vegetation inVismiastands. Methods We conducted a trenching and understory vegetation removal experiment inVismia-dominated secondary forests of different ages. We planted three species with contrasting functional traits. For each seedling, we measured biotic damage, functional traits, and final mass. In each experimental block, we measured canopy openness, vegetation cover, and clay content of the soil. Results The effect of root and understory competition was not related to secondary forest age. However, the net effect had a quadratic relationship with site suitability for all species. Specifically, facilitation occurred only at low levels of suitability, when biotic damage was intense; competition, however, was stronger at intermediate levels of suitability. Conclusions The net effect of plant-plant interactions inVismia-dominated forests depends on the site suitability for each species. We conclude that seedlings are negatively affected mainly by other types of plant-plant interactions, but facilitation can occur when biotic damage is high.
机译：背景和目标植物植物相互作用除了光明竞争之外，可能对由血液血清虫种的物种为主的次生林中的逮捕继承。我们旨在调查幼苗对根竞争的累积效应以及林下植被InvismiaStands的存在的反应。方法我们进行了挖沟和林下植被去除实验Invismia-占不同年龄的二级林。我们种植了三种，具有对比的功能性状。对于每个幼苗，我们测量了生物损伤，功能性状和最终质量。在每个实验块中，我们测得冠层开放性，植被覆盖和土壤的粘土含量。结果根系和林竞争的效果与二级林时年龄无关。然而，净效应与所有物种的现场适用性具有二次关系。具体地，当生物损伤激烈时，促进仅发生在低水平的适宜性时;然而，竞争在适用性的中间水平更强。结论植物植物相互作用Invismia主导森林的净效应取决于每个物种的网站适用性。我们得出结论，幼苗主要受到其他类型的植物植物相互作用的负面影响，但是当生物损伤很高时会促进促进。

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