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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Pathology >Prevalence ofPhytophthoraspecies in macadamia orchards in Australia and their ability to cause stem canker
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Prevalence ofPhytophthoraspecies in macadamia orchards in Australia and their ability to cause stem canker

机译：澳大利亚猕猴桃果园的患病率及其引起干溃疡的能力

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In Australia,Phytophthora cinnamomiis the only species reported as the causal agent of stem canker and root rot in macadamia. In other countries, fivePhytophthoraspecies have been reported to cause diseases in macadamia, which led us to question if more than onePhytophthoraspecies is responsible for poor tree health in macadamia orchards in Australia. To investigate this, samples were collected from the rhizosphere, stem, and root tissues of trees with and without symptoms, nurseries, and water sources from 70 commercial macadamia orchards in Australia.Phytophthoraisolates were identified based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing.P. cinnamomiwas the most predominant and widely distributed species, and was obtained from the different types of samples including symptomless root tissues. In addition toP.cinnamomi, onlyP.multivorawas isolated from diseased tissue (stem canker) samples. Six otherPhytophthoraspecies were obtained from the rhizosphere samples:P.pseudocryptogea,P.citrophthora,P.nicotianae,P.gondwanense,P.sojae, and a newPhytophthorataxon. OnlyP.cinnamomiwas obtained from macadamia nursery samples, while fivePhytophthoraspecies were obtained from water sources. Of the heterothallicPhytophthoraspecies, mating type A2 isolates were dominant inP.cinnamomiisolates, whereas only mating type A1 isolates were obtained forP.nicotianae,P.pseudocryptogea, andP.citrophthora. Pathogenicity assays revealed thatP.cinnamomiandP.multivoracaused significantly larger stem and leaf lesions thanP.citrophthora,P.nicotianae, andP.pseudocryptogea.Phytophthorasp. andP.sojaewere nonpathogenic towards leaves and stems.
机译：在澳大利亚，Phytophthora cinnamomiis唯一的物种被报告为猕猴和根腐的因果因子，在澳洲岛。在其他国家，据报道，五种咽喉鱼类致力于在澳大利亚的不一于多种多胞多胺植物果园的贫困树质健康方面导致美国疾病导致我们对我们进行疑问。为了研究这一点，从具有和没有症状，苗圃的根际，茎和根组织中收集样品，没有症状，苗圃和来自澳大利亚的70个商业癌症果园的水源。基于形态学特征和DNA测序来鉴定过量的滴度。 Cinnamomiwas是最主要和广泛分布的物种，并从不同类型的样品中获得，包括症状根组织。此外，TOP.CINAMMOMI，ONLYP.Multivorawas与患病组织（Stem Canker）样本分离。从根际样品中获得六个以外的不同咽喉点：p.pseudocryptogea，p.citrophthora，p.nicotianae，p.gondwanense，p.sojae和noyphyophyopholataxon。 onlyp.cinamomiwas从澳洲苗圃样品中获得，而五种咽喉斑点是从水源获得的。在异丙酚酞邻孢素的中，交配型A2分离物是占优势INP.Cinamomiisolates，而仅获得交配型A1分离株Forp.nicotianae，P.pseudodocryptogea，Andp.Citrophora。致病性测定揭示了.Cinnamomomiandp.multivoracaused显着较大的茎和叶病变Thanp.Citrophthora，P.Nicotianae，Andp.pseudocryptogea.phytophthorasp。 andp.soeweere不管叶和茎。

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