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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Pathology >Temporal and spatial progress of the diseases caused by the crinivirus tomato chlorosis virus and the begomovirus tomato severe rugose virus in tomatoes in Brazil
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Temporal and spatial progress of the diseases caused by the crinivirus tomato chlorosis virus and the begomovirus tomato severe rugose virus in tomatoes in Brazil

机译：在巴西西红柿中番葡萄病毒番茄氯化病毒和番茄毛虫番茄重症病毒引起的疾病的时间和空间进展

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Efficient management of whitefly-borne diseases remains a challenge due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of their epidemiology, particularly of the diseases tomato golden mosaic and tomato yellowing. Here, by monitoring 16 plots in four commercial fields, the temporal and spatial distribution of these two diseases were studied in tomato fields in Brazil. In the experimental plots these diseases were caused by tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), respectively. The incidence of each virus was similar in the plots within a field but varied greatly among fields. Plants with symptoms for both diseases were randomly distributed in three of four spatial analyses. The curves representing the progress of both diseases were similar and contained small fluctuations, indicating that the spread of both viruses was similar under field conditions. In transmission experiments of ToSRV and ToCV by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (former biotype B), these viruses had a similar transmission rate in single or mixed infections. It was then shown that primary and secondary spread of ToCV were not efficiently controlled by insecticide applications. Finally, in a typical monomolecular model of disease progress, simulation of the primary dissemination of ToSRV and ToCV showed that infected plants were predominantly randomly distributed. It is concluded that, although the manner of vector transmission differs between ToSRV (persistent) and ToCV (semipersistent), the main dispersal mechanisms are most probably similar for these two diseases: primary spread is the predominant mechanism, and epidemics of these diseases have been caused by several influxes of viruliferous whiteflies.
机译：由于对流行病学缺乏全面了解，尤其是番茄金色马赛克和番茄般的染色，有效管理粉虱疾病仍然是一个挑战。在这里，通过监测四个商业领域的16个地块，在巴西的番茄田中研究了这两种疾病的时间和空间分布。在实验曲线中，这些疾病是由番茄重度粗糙病毒（TosRV）和番茄氯化病毒（TOCV）引起的。每个病毒的发病率在场内的地块中相似，但在田地之间变化很大。具有症状的植物两种疾病被随机分布在四种空间分析中的三种中。代表这两种疾病进展的曲线具有相似的并且包含小波动，表明两种病毒的扩散在现场条件下类似。在Bemisia Tabaci Meam1（前生物型B）的TOSRV和TOCV的透射实验中，这些病毒在单一或混合感染中具有类似的传导速率。然后表明TOCV的初级和二次涂抹未通过杀虫剂应用有效地控制。最后，在典型的疾病进展模型中，TOSRV和TOCV初级传播的模拟表明，感染植物主要是随机分布的。结论是，虽然染色体（持久性）和TOCV（Sempiplentent）之间的载体传输方式不同，但对于这两种疾病，主要的分散机制最为可能类似：主要涂抹是主要的机制，并且这些疾病的流行病由几个毒液粉末造成的。

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