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首页> 外文期刊>Paddy and Water Environment >Enhancing the parasitism of insect herbivores through diversification of habitat in Philippine rice fields
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Enhancing the parasitism of insect herbivores through diversification of habitat in Philippine rice fields

机译：通过菲律宾稻田的栖息地改变植物食草动物的寄生派

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The diversification of farming landscapes is proposed as a method to increase farm productivity while at the same time enhancing pest regulation services provided by the natural enemies of insect herbivores. In this study, areas of diversified and conventional rice fields (with 2-14 fields per area = 0.42-1.31 ha) were established at three sites in the Philippines. The diversified areas had a series (& 40 per hectare) of small (& 2 m(2)) vegetable patches interspersed along rice bunds (levees). The abundance of planthopper and lepidopteran pests in these areas was monitored during two consecutive cropping seasons using sweep nets with rice yield and damage recorded at the end of each season. Mortality of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) and yellow stemborer (Scirpophaga incertulas) eggs was monitored through field exposures of infested rice plants. There were no differences in rice yields between the conventional and diversified areas; however, a range of vegetables were produced as a supplementary product from the diversified rice areas. Diversification had no effect on planthopper or leaffolder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) abundance at the sites. Adult stemborers (Scirpophaga incertulas) were more abundant in the diversified areas; however, stemborer damage was similar between area treatments in both years. Vegetable patches did not increase parasitism of planthopper eggs; however, egg parasitism was highest close to the vegetable patches, suggesting that egg parasitoids interacted with the patches. Mortality of stemborer eggs was higher in the diversified areas than in the conventional areas. Parasitism due to Trichogramma japonicum and other egg parasitoids was also higher in the diversified areas. These results indicate the potential for vegetable patches to enhance the biological control services provided by egg parasitoids in rice fields; however, the study also indicates a need to carefully select vegetable crops that avoid any potential benefits for rice pests. We discuss the need for further research into diversified farms as a means of achieving sustainable rice production in Asia.
机译：建议农业景观的多样化作为提高农业生产力的方法，同时增强昆虫草食动物的天敌提供的害虫调节服务。在这项研究中，在菲律宾的三个地点建立了多样化和常规稻田的区域（每个区域= 0.42-1.31公顷）。多元化的区域有一个系列（＆amp; 每公顷40个）的小（＆amp; 2米（2））蔬菜贴片沿着稻壁（levees）。在两个连续的种植季节监测了这些区域的丰富的Planthopper和鳞翅目害虫，使用扫描网在每个季节结束时记录的水稻产量和损坏。通过侵染水稻植物的田间暴露监测棕色Planthopper（Nileaparvata Lugens）和黄色茎干（Scirpophaga Incertulas）卵的死亡率。常规和多样化区域之间的水稻产量没有差异;然而，一系列蔬菜被生产为来自多元化稻田的补充产品。多样化对位于地点的Planthopper或Leaffolder（Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis）没有影响。成人茎硼（Scirpophaga Incertulas）在多元化的地区更加丰富;然而，两年内的区域治疗之间的止霉菌损伤造成相似。蔬菜贴片没有增加Planthopper鸡蛋的寄生症;然而，蛋寄生派对蔬菜贴片最高，表明蛋寄生虫与贴片相互作用。多样化区域的茎硼蛋白的死亡率高于传统区域。由于Trichograckma japonicum和其他蛋寄生虫引起的寄生症在多样化区域也较高。这些结果表明植物贴片的可能性，以增强稻田蛋寄生虫提供的生物控制服务;然而，该研究还表明需要仔细选择蔬菜作物，以避免对水稻害虫的任何潜在益处。我们讨论了进一步研究多元化的农场，作为实现亚洲可持续大米生产的手段。

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