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Maternal cannibalism in two populations of wild chimpanzees

机译：在野生黑猩猩的两个人口中的母体同类主义

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Maternal cannibalism has been reported in several animal taxa, prompting speculations that the behavior may be part of an evolved strategy. In chimpanzees, however, maternal cannibalism has been conspicuously absent, despite high levels of infant mortality and reports of non-maternal cannibalism. The typical response of chimpanzee mothers is to abandon their deceased infant, sometimes after prolonged periods of carrying and grooming the corpse. Here, we report two anomalous observations of maternal cannibalism in communities of wild chimpanzees in Uganda and Ivory Coast and discuss the evolutionary implications. Both infants likely died under different circumstances; one apparently as a result of premature birth, the other possibly as a result of infanticide. In both cases, the mothers consumed parts of the corpse and participated in meat sharing with other group members. Neither female presented any apparent signs of ill health before or after the events. We concluded that, in both cases, cannibalizing the infant was unlikely due to health-related issues by the mothers. We discuss these observations against a background of chimpanzee mothers consistently refraining from maternal cannibalism, despite ample opportunities and nutritional advantages. We conclude that maternal cannibalism is extremely rare in this primate, likely due to early and strong mother-offspring bond formation, which may have been profoundly disrupted in the current cases.
机译：在几个动物分类群中报道了孕产妇食肉动症，提示猜测行为可能是进化策略的一部分。然而，在黑猩猩中，尽管有高水平的婴儿死亡率和非母亲同类主义的报道，但孕产妇的食同食物都是显着的。黑猩猩母亲的典型反应是放弃他们死者的婴儿，有时经过长时间的携带和梳理尸体。在这里，我们在乌干达和象牙海岸的野生黑猩猩群落中报告了两种异常观察，并讨论了进化的含义。这两个婴儿可能在不同的情况下死亡;显然是由于出生过早的结果，另一个可能是婴儿的结果。在这两种情况下，母亲消耗了尸体的部分，并参与了与其他群体成员的肉类分享。两位女性都没有在事件前或之后呈现任何明显的健康迹象。我们得出结论，在这两种情况下，由于母亲的健康问题，婴儿的钙化不太可能。尽管有充足的机遇和营养优势，我们讨论了对黑猩猩母亲的背景持续避免母体同类主义的背景的观察。我们得出结论，母体同类主义在这种灵长类动物中极为罕见，可能由于早期和强大的母后代债券形成，这可能在目前的病例中受到深刻的破坏。

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