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Grey matter damage in multiple sclerosis A pathology perspective

机译：多发性硬化症的灰质损伤是病理学视角

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Over the past decade, immunohistochemical studies have provided compelling evidence that gray matter (GM) pathology in multiple sclerosis (MS) is extensive. Until recently, this GM pathology was difficult to visualize using standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. However, with newly developed MRI sequences, it has become clear that GM damage is present from the earliest stages of the disease and accrues with disease progression. GM pathology is clinically relevant, as GM lesions and/or GM atrophy were shown to be associated with MS motor deficits and cognitive impairment. Recent autopsy studies demonstrated significant GM demyelination and microglia activation. However, extensive immune cell influx, complement activation and blood-brain barrier leakage, like in WM pathology, are far less prominent in the GM. Hence, so far, the cause of GM damage in MS remains unknown, although several plausible underlying pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed. This paper.provides an overview of GM damage in MS with a focus on its topology and histopathology.
机译：在过去十年中，免疫组化研究提供了令人信服的证据，即多发性硬化（MS）的灰质（GM）病理是广泛的。直到最近，这种GM病理学难以使用标准磁共振成像（MRI）技术来可视化。然而，随着新开发的MRI序列，很明显转基因损伤存在于疾病最早的阶段和疾病进展的累积。 GM病理学在临床相关性，随着GM病变和/或转基因萎缩的显示与MS电机缺陷和认知障碍有关。最近的尸检研究表明了巨大的转基因脱髓鞘和小胶质细胞活化。然而，在WM病理学中，广泛的免疫细胞流入，补体激活和血脑屏障泄漏，在GM中突出得多。因此，到目前为止，MS损伤的原因仍然未知，尽管已经提出了几种合理的潜在的致病机制。本文有重点放在其拓扑和组织病理学上的MS中转基因损坏的概述。

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