Risks from combining two immunostimulants

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Risks from combining two immunostimulants

机译：组合两个免疫刺激剂的风险

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As of mid-2017, it has not been proven that the combination of nivolumab with ipilimumab prolongs the life of patients with advanced stage melanoma, whereas it does more frequently expose them to the risk of serious adverse effects. In patients with metastatic or inoperable melanoma without a BRAF V600 mutation and who have not received anticancer treatment, nivolumab, an immu-nostimulatory antibody which blocks the PD-1 (programmed cell death-1) receptor, is the first choice treatment (1,2). Ipilimumab, another antibody which is also immunostimulatory, but through a different pharmacological mechanism, is approved in melanoma with an uncertain harm-benefit balance (1,3). In this situation, what is the harm-benefit balance of a combination of nivolumab with ipilimumab, as has been explicitly approved in the European summary of product characteristics (SPC) for Opdivo0 (nivolumab)? This approval was based on data from a single, double-blind, randomised trial in 945 patients. Its results showed a prolongation of the time to radiological progression of the cancer, or death, with the combination in comparison to each of the mono-therapies (2,4).The trial was still underway in mid-2017.

机译：截至2017年中期，尚未证明Nivolumab与Ipilimumab的组合延长了先进阶段黑素瘤的患者的生命，而它更频繁地将它们暴露于严重不利影响的风险。在没有BRAF V600突变的情况下，没有接受抗癌治疗的Melanoma患者，患有阻断PD-1（编程细胞死亡-1）受体的IVUM-NOSTIMULATION抗体是第一选择治疗（1， 2）。 IPILIMIMAB，另一种也是免疫刺激性的另一种抗体，但通过不同的药理学机制，在黑色素瘤中批准了黑色素瘤，其危害效益平衡（1,3）。在这种情况下，与IPILIMIMAB的Nivolumab组合的危害效益平衡是什么，如Opdivo0（Nivolumab）的欧洲产品特征（SPC）的概要明确批准？该批准基于945名患者的单一双盲，随机试验中的数据。其结果表明，与每种单疗法（2,4）相比，该结果延长了癌症的放射进展，或死亡的时间。审判在2017年中期仍然正在进行中。

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《Prescrire international》 |2018年第190期|共1页
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1. Risks from combining two immunostimulants [J] . Prescrire international . 2018,第190期

机译：组合两个免疫刺激剂的风险
2. Effect of single and combined immunostimulants on growth, anti-oxidation activity, non-specific immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) [J] . Lu Jianting, Bu Xianyong, Xiao Shusheng, Fish & Shellfish Immunology . 2019,第期

机译：单一和合并免疫刺激剂对中国手套蟹中的生长，抗氧化活性，非特异性免疫和对AeroMonas疏水层的影响（Eriocheir Sinensis）
3. Non-clinical safety evaluation of repeated intramuscular administration of the AS15 immunostimulant combined with various antigens in rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys [J] . Gacron N., Silvano J., Kuper C. F., Journal of applied toxicology . 2016,第1a2期

机译：重复肌肉内联合AS15免疫刺激剂与各种抗原的兔和食蟹猴的非临床安全性评估
4. Risk Hunters - Combining Forensics Archeology to find and Attack those Pesky Risks [C] . Don Gantzer, rnRoman Olesnicky, rnKen Crowder, Innovate integrate amp; invigorate . 2001

机译：风险猎手-结合法医和考古发现和应对那些讨厌的风险
5. The impact of staffing ratios, magnet recognition, and institutional characteristics on risk adjusted mortality, risk adjusted complications, and risk adjusted resource utilization for pediatric cardiac surgery programs in California before and after enactment of the California Safe Staffing Law and relative to other states combined. [D] . Hickey, Patricia A. 2010

机译：人员比例，磁铁识别度和机构特征对《加利福尼亚安全人员配备法》颁布之前和之后以及相对于其他各州的儿科心脏手术计划的风险调整后的死亡率，风险调整后的并发症以及风险调整后的资源利用的影响。
6. Self-antigen MASH2 combined with the AS15 immunostimulant induces tumor protection in colorectal cancer mouse models [O] . Clément R. Rioux, Margie L. Clapper, Harry S. Cooper, 2012

机译：自身抗原MASH2与AS15免疫刺激剂结合可在大肠癌小鼠模型中诱导肿瘤保护
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Risks from combining two immunostimulants

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