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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >Employment impacts of alcohol taxes
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Employment impacts of alcohol taxes

机译：酒精税的就业影响

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摘要

There is strong scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of increasing alcohol taxes for reducing excessive alcohol consumption and related problems. Opponents have argued that alcohol tax increases lead to job losses. However, there has been no comprehensive economic analysis of the impact of alcohol taxes on employment. To fill this gap, a regional macroeconomic simulation model was used to assess the net impact of two hypothetical alcohol tax increases (a 5-cent per drink excise tax increase and a 5% sales tax increase on beer, wine, and distilled spirits, respectively) on employment in Arkansas, Florida, Massachusetts, New Mexico, and Wisconsin. The model accounted for changes in alcohol demand, average state income, and substitution effects. The employment impact of spending the new tax revenue on general expenditures versus health care was also assessed. Simulation results showed that a 5-cent per drink additional excise tax on alcoholic beverages with new tax revenues allocated to general expenditures increased net employment in Arkansas (802 jobs); Florida (4583 jobs); Massachusetts (978 jobs); New Mexico (653 jobs); and Wisconsin (1167 jobs). A 5% additional sales tax also increased employment in Arkansas (789 jobs; Florida (4493 jobs); Massachusetts (898 jobs); New Mexico (621 jobs); and Wisconsin (991 jobs). Using new alcohol tax revenues to fund health care services resulted in slightly lower net increases in state employment. The overall economic impact of alcohol tax increases cannot be fully assessed without accounting for the job gains resulting from additional tax revenues.
机译：有强大的科学证据支持增加酒精税的有效性，以减少过度的酒精消费和相关问题。反对者认为酒精税增加导致失业损失。但是，对酒精税对就业的影响没有全面的经济分析。为了填补这一差距，区域宏观经济模拟模型用于评估两个假设的酒精税的净影响（每次饮品消费税5美分，啤酒，葡萄酒和蒸馏烈酒的增加5％ ）在阿肯色州，佛罗里达州，马萨诸塞州，新墨西哥和威斯康星州的就业。该模型占酒精需求，平均国家收入和替代效应的变化。还评估了支出新税收对一般支出与医疗保健的就业影响。仿真结果表明，每杯酒饮料每次饮品额外征收额外的税收税，新的税收收入分配给一般支出增加了阿肯色州的净就业（802个工作）;佛罗里达州（4583个工作）;马萨诸塞州（978个工作）;新墨西哥州（653个工作）;和威斯康星州（1167个工作）。 5％的额外销售税也增加了阿肯色州的就业（789个工作岗位;佛罗里达州（4493个工作）;马萨诸塞州（898个工作岗位）;新墨西哥州（621个工作）;和威斯康星州（991个工作岗位）。利用新的酒精税收收入来基于医疗保健国家就业导致净净幅度略低。酒精税的整体经济影响不能完全评估，而不会占额外税收收入所造成的工作收益。

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