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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >How do we achieve informed choice for women considering breast screening?
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How do we achieve informed choice for women considering breast screening?

机译：考虑乳房筛选的女性如何实现知情选择？

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OBJECTIVE: In current medical literature, mammography and other cancer screening programs are subject to controversy because of debate about the magnitude and nature of the benefits and harms. This paper discusses the issues around informed choice for women considering breast screening. METHOD: We discuss qualitative and quantitative studies of women's attitudes to breast screening and informed choice. RESULTS: Women view breast screening as a way of avoiding potential regret, and reassurance from normal results is highly valued. Screening participants acknowledge anxiety about false positives but awareness regarding potential overdetection of indolent breast cancer is minimal, and research is needed to assess how better understanding of screening downsides may affect women's views. In any case, weighing up screening advantages and disadvantages is sensitive to personal preferences. CONCLUSIONS: Communicators have an ethical obligation to make balanced information available to women, which is flexible enough to respond to the level of detail and involvement desired by each individual. Many women want to know more and to participate more actively in screening decisions. Techniques have been developed to present balanced information and support individual decision making in ways that are accessible and empowering for the wider community. Evaluations of breast cancer screening must integrate clinical data with evidence on the perspectives of women themselves.
机译：目的：在目前的医学文献，乳房X线照相和其他癌症筛查计划受到争议的影响，因为关于益处和危害的幅度和性质的争论。本文讨论了考虑乳房筛选的妇女的知情选择周围的问题。方法：我们讨论对妇女对乳房筛查和知情选择的定性和定量研究。结果：女性观看乳房筛选作为避免潜在遗憾的一种方式，以及正常结果的保证是高度重视的。筛选参与者承认对误报的焦虑，但有关惰性乳腺癌潜在过度的意识是最小的，并且需要研究来评估筛查缺陷的更好理解可能会影响妇女的观点。在任何情况下，称量筛选优势和缺点对个人偏好敏感。结论：沟通人具有道德义务，使妇女提供均衡的信息，这足以满足每个人所需的细节水平和参与。许多女性想了解更多并在筛选决策方面更积极地参与。已经开发了技术以提供平衡信息并支持个人决策，以便更广泛的社区访问和赋予更强的方式。乳腺癌筛查的评估必须将临床资料与妇女本身的角度一致。

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