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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D. Journal of Automobile Engineering >Effects of vehicle front-end safety countermeasures on pedestrian head injury risk during ground impact
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Effects of vehicle front-end safety countermeasures on pedestrian head injury risk during ground impact

机译：车辆前端安全对策对地面冲击过程中行人头部损伤风险的影响

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摘要

Pedestrian safety countermeasures such as pop-up bonnets and exterior pedestrian airbags have been shown to decrease the pedestrian injury risk caused by vehicle impacts (primary impact). However, it is still unknown whether these devices could prevent or mitigate pedestrian injuries resulting from ground impacts (secondary impact). In order to understand how the vehicle safety countermeasures prevent pedestrian head injuries caused by primary and secondary impacts, a total of 252 vehicle-to-pedestrian impact simulations were conducted using the MADYMO code. The simulations accounted for three types of vehicle configurations (a baseline vehicle and vehicles with the two aforementioned vehicle safety countermeasures) along with five front-end structural parameters at three vehicle impact velocities (30, 40, and 50 km/h). The simulation results show that the bonnet leading edge height was the most sensitive parameter affecting the head-to-vehicle impact location and that caused different head injuries resulting from the local stiffness in the location impacted. Moreover, the bonnet leading edge height was the leading governing factor on the pedestrian rotation angle in the secondary impact. The vehicle equipped with a pop-up bonnet and an external airbag could cause a larger pedestrian rotation angle at 30 km/h than that in the other two vehicle types, but conversely could cause a smaller pedestrian rotation angle at 40 and 50 km/h. Also, the vehicle equipped with pop-up bonnet and external airbag systems could lead a higher pedestrian flight altitude than that of the baseline type. A vehicle equipped with a pop-up bonnet and external airbag systems provide improved protection for the pedestrian's head in the primary impact, but may not prevent the injury risk and/or even cause more severe injuries in secondary impacts.
机译：人行为安全对策，如弹出帽和外部行人安全气囊，以降低由车辆影响（主要影响）引起的行人伤害风险。然而，仍然是未知这些设备是否可以防止或减轻因地面影响而导致的行人损伤（二次冲击）。为了了解车辆安全对策如何防止初级和二次影响引起的行人头部损伤，使用MADYMO代码共进行252个载体行人冲击模拟。该模拟占三种类型的车辆配置（基线车辆和具有两个上述车辆安全对策的车辆）以及三种车辆冲击速度（30,40和50km / h）的五个前端结构参数。仿真结果表明，阀罩前缘高度是影响车辆冲击位置的最敏感的参数，导致局部刚度导致的不同头部损伤。此外，阀罩前缘高度是二次冲击中行人旋转角度的领导因素。配备弹出帽和外部安全气囊的车辆可能会导致30 km / h的较大的行人旋转角度，而不是另外两个车辆类型，但相反可能导致40和50 km / h的较小的行人旋转角度。此外，配备有弹出帽和外部安全气囊系统的车辆可能导致比基线类型更高的行人飞行高度。配备有弹出阀罩和外部安全气囊系统的车辆为行人的头部提供了改进的保护，在主要影响中，可能不会阻止伤害风险和/或甚至导致次要影响的严重损伤。

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