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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Royal Society. Biological sciences >Multiple large inversions and breakpoint rewiring of gene expression in the evolution of the fire ant social supergene
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Multiple large inversions and breakpoint rewiring of gene expression in the evolution of the fire ant social supergene

机译：消防蚂蚁社会级基因中基因表达的多重逆向和断点重新启动

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摘要

Supergenes consist of co-adapted loci that segregate together and are associated with adaptive traits. In the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, two 'social' supergene variants regulate differences in colony queen number and other traits. Suppressed recombination in this system is maintained, in part, by a greater than 9 Mb inversion, but the supergene is larger. Has the supergene in S. invicta undergone multiple large inversions? The initial gene content of the inverted allele of a supergene would be the same as that of the wild-type allele. So, how did the inversion increase in frequency? To address these questions, we cloned one extreme breakpoint in the fire ant supergene. In doing so, we found a second large (greater than 800 Kb) rearrangement. Furthermore, we determined the temporal order of the two big inversions based on the translocation pattern of a third small fragment. Because the S. invicta supergene lacks evolutionary strata, our finding of multiple inversions may support an introgression model of the supergene. Finally, we showed that one of the inversions swapped the promoter of a breakpoint-adjacent gene, which might have conferred a selective advantage relative to the non-inverted allele. Our findings provide a rare example of gene alterations arising directly from an inversion event.
机译：超级基因组由共适应的基因座组成，该基因座隔离在一起并与自适应性状相关联。在消防蚂蚁索因素Invicta中，两个“社会”叠加级别变体调节殖民地女王数量和其他特征的差异。将该系统中的抑制重组部分地部分地由大于9MB的反转，但叠微烷更大。 Supergene在S. Invicta经过多个大的反转吗？偏生剂的倒置等位基因的初始基因含量与野生型等位基因相同。那么，频率的反演是如何增加的？为了解决这些问题，我们克隆了消防蚂蚁叠加的一个极端断点。在这样做时，我们发现第二大（大于800 kB）重排。此外，我们基于第三个小片段的易位模式确定了两个大逆转的时间顺序。因为S. Invicta Supergene缺乏进化的地层，我们的多种反转的发现可能支持超级终端的速降模型。最后，我们表明，其中一个逆转器换了断点相邻基因的启动子，这可能已经赋予了相对于非倒置等位基因的选择性优势。我们的研究结果提供了直接从反演事件产生的基因改变的罕见举例。

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