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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in Artificial Intelligence >Flexible Players within the Sheaths: The Intrinsically Disordered Proteins of Myelin in Health and Disease
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Flexible Players within the Sheaths: The Intrinsically Disordered Proteins of Myelin in Health and Disease

机译：鞘内的柔性球员：在健康和疾病中髓鞘的本质上紊乱蛋白质

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摘要

Myelin ensheathes selected axonal segments within the nervous system, resulting primarily in nerve impulse acceleration, as well as mechanical and trophic support for neurons. In the central and peripheral nervous systems, various proteins that contribute to the formation and stability of myelin are present, which also harbor pathophysiological roles in myelin disease. Many myelin proteins have common attributes, including small size, hydrophobic segments, multifunctionality, longevity, and regions of intrinsic disorder. With recent advances in protein biophysical characterization and bioinformatics, it has become evident that intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are abundant in myelin, and their flexible nature enables multifunctionality. Here, we review known myelin IDPs, their conservation, molecular characteristics and functions, and their disease relevance, along with open questions and speculations. We place emphasis on classifying the molecular details of IDPs in myelin, and we correlate these with their various functions, including susceptibility to post-translational modifications, function in protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions, as well as their role as extended entropic chains. We discuss how myelin pathology can relate to IDPs and which molecular factors are potentially involved.
机译：髓鞘eNsheathes选择神经系统内的轴突段，主要是神经冲动加速，以及神经元的机械和营养载体。在中央和外周神经系统中，存在有助于髓鞘形成和稳定性的各种蛋白质，其在髓鞘中也包括病理生理作用。许多髓蛋白具有共同的属性，包括小尺寸，疏水段，多功能，寿命和内在病症的区域。随着蛋白质生物物理表征和生物信息学的最新进展，它变得明显，内在无序的蛋白质（IDP）在髓鞘中丰富，它们的灵活性使得多功能性能够。在这里，我们审查了已知的髓鞘IDP，它们的保护，分子特征和功能以及它们的疾病相关性以及开放的问题和猜测。我们强调分类IDPS在髓鞘中的分子细节，我们将这些功能与各种功能相关联，包括对翻译后修饰的易感性，蛋白质 - 蛋白质和蛋白质 - 膜相互作用以及它们作为延长熵链的作用。 。我们讨论敏林林病理学如何与IDPS相关，并且可能涉及哪些分子因素。

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