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首页> 外文期刊>Psychiatric services: a journal of the American Psychiatric Association >Three Nontraditional Approaches to Improving the Capacity, Accessibility, and Quality of Mental Health Services: An Overview
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Three Nontraditional Approaches to Improving the Capacity, Accessibility, and Quality of Mental Health Services: An Overview

机译：提高心理健康服务能力，可访问性和质量的三种非联络方法：概述

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摘要

To provide evidence for wider use of peer workers and other nonprofessionals, the authors examined three approaches to mental health service provision-peer support worker (PSW) programs, task shifting, and mental health first-aid and community advocacy organizations-summarizing their effectiveness, identifying similarities and differences, and highlighting opportunities for integration. Relevant articles obtained from PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar searches are discussed. Studies indicate that PSWs can achieve outcomes equal to or better than those achieved by nonpeer mental health professionals. PSWs can be particularly effective in reducing hospital admissions and inpatient days and engaging severely ill patients. When certain care tasks are given to individuals with less training than professionals (task shifting), these staff members can provide psychoeducation, engage service users in treatment, and help them achieve symptom reduction and manage risk relapse. Mental health first-aid and community organizations can reduce stigma, increase awareness of mental health issues, and encourage help seeking. Most PSW programs have reported implementation challenges, whereas such challenges are fewer in task-shifting programs and minimal in mental health first-aid. Despite challenges in scaling and integrating these approaches into larger systems, they hold promise for improving access to and quality of care. Research is needed on how these approaches can be combined to expand a community's capacity to provide care. Because of the serious shortage of mental health providers globally and the rising prevalence of mental illness, utilizing nontraditional providers may be the only solution in both low-and high-resource settings, at least in the short term.
机译：为了提供更广泛地使用同伴工人和其他非职业人士的证据，提交人审查了三种精神卫生服务条款的方法（PSW）方案，任务转移和心理健康急救和社区宣传组织的三种方法 - 总结其效力，识别相似之处和差异，并突出集成机会。讨论了从PubMed，Medline和Google学者搜索获得的相关文章。研究表明，PSW可以达到等于或优于非直接心理健康专业人员所达到的结果。 PSW可以特别有效地减少医院录取和住院日，并从事严重病患者。当某些关心任务的个人提供比专业人士更少的个人（任务转移）（任务转移），这些工作人员可以提供心理教育，参与服务用户治疗，并帮助他们实现症状减少和管理风险复发。心理健康急救和社区组织可以减少耻辱，提高心理健康问题的认识，并鼓励寻求帮助。大多数PSW计划都有报告的实施挑战，而此类挑战较少在任务转移计划中较少，心理健康急救中最小。尽管在扩大和将这些方法集成到较大的系统中，但它们仍然承担了提高获得和护理质量的承担。需要研究这些方法如何组合以扩大社区提供护理的能力。由于全球心理健康提供者的严重短缺和精神疾病的普遍性，利用非传统提供者可能是低资源设置中唯一的解决方案，至少在短期内。

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