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A Preliminary Probe of Personality Predicting Psychotherapy Outcomes: Perspectives from Therapists and Their Clients

机译：人格预测心理治疗结果的初步探针：治疗师及其客户的观点

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Background: It is widely established that personality disorder has as broad negative impact on psychotherapy outcomes. Given the increased emphasis on dimensional traits for personality pathology in the DSM-5 and the proposal for the ICD-11, it is important to understand how traits are linked to treatment outcomes. Building on past research with general traits, we hypothesized that more nuanced and specific relations would be apparent. Furthermore, much of the past research has relied upon self-reports of personality and little is known about how ratings from therapists might be related to outcomes. Sampling and Methods: The present paper examined how dimensional traits from the Five-Factor Model predicted outcomes in a case series of 54 therapist-client dyads within a doctoral training clinic. Importantly, this extends past research as dimensional traits were rated by both therapists and clients at intake as well as sequentially over the course of therapy. Results: Correlations and regression analyses indicated that traits predicted a variety of outcomes including initial engagement in treatment as well as overall symptom reduction across therapy. Specifically, preliminary evidence suggests that therapist-rated conscientiousness at intake was positively related to clients’ early engagement in therapy. In addition, openness to experience after the 4th session – particularly as rated by the client – was predictive of long-term therapy outcomes. Conclusions: Broadly, these results provided preliminary information about the promise of dimensional models for improving the clinical utility of personality disorder diagnoses. More specifically, these results reinforced the relevance of personality assessment during therapy and indicated the potential predictive value of ratings by therapists and their clients.
机译：背景：众所周知，人格障碍对心理治疗结果具有广泛的负面影响。鉴于DSM-5在人格病理中的尺寸性状的增加和ICD-11的提案，重要的是要了解如何与治疗结果相关的特征。在过去的研究中建立了一般特质，我们假设更加细致和具体的关系是显而易见的。此外，过去的大部分研究依赖于个性的自我报告，并且关于治疗师的评级如何与结果有关的知名。取样和方法：本文研究了五因素模型预测结果的尺寸特征在博士训练诊所的案例系列中的54个治疗师 - 客户机二元。重要的是，这延长了过去的研究，因为治疗师和在摄入时的治疗师和客户以及在治疗过程中依次评定。结果：相关性和回归分析表明，特质预测了各种结果，包括治疗的初始参与以及整体治疗的整体症状减少。具体而言，初步证据表明，摄入的治疗师额定的良性与客户的早期参与在疗法中呈正相关。此外，第四届会议后的经历的开放 - 特别是客户评估 - 是预测长期治疗结果。结论：广泛地，这些结果提供了关于改善人格障碍诊断的临床效用的尺寸模型的承诺的初步信息。更具体地说，这些结果加强了治疗期间人格评估的相关性，并表明了治疗师及其客户评级的潜在预测价值。

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