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Burden of Community- Acquired Pneumonia Is Borne by Older Adults

机译：社区收购肺炎的负担由老年人承担

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摘要

Pneumonia is not only a common and often serious infection with considerable morbidity and mortality, it also presents a major human burden and cost burden ($8 billion to treat pneumonia in the United States in 2002); the major burden of pneumonia in the community is borne by the elderly. Pneumonia is classified by type (TABLE 1), which is based on bacterial etiology commonly acquired in different settings, such as the community or the hospital; common bacterial pathogens seen in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are discussed below. In patients with CAP, respiratory viruses can be the sole cause of pneumonia (i.e., primary viral pneumonia); can be present as a coinfection (i.e., virus-bacteria or virus-virus); and can act as a predisposing factor to facilitate or worsen bacterial pneumonia. Viral infections are generally a more prominent cause of CAP among older adults. It has been specifically reported that patients with viral infections were significantly older than those without viral infections (median age, 16 vs. 64 years) and were more likely to have underlying cardiac disease (66% vs. 32%) and to be frail. Furthermore, it is common that viruses in the upper respiratory tract are detected in asymptomatic patients and thus may indicate convalescent shedding or asymptomatic infection.
机译：肺炎不仅是具有相当大的发病率和死亡率的常见而且经常严重的感染，它也提出了一个主要的人类负担和成本负担（2002年在美国肺炎治疗肺炎）;肺炎在社区中的主要负担由老人承担。肺炎按类型（表1）分类，基于常见于不同的环境（如社区或医院）的细菌病因;下面讨论了社区获得的肺炎（帽）中看到的常见细菌病原体。在帽子患者中，呼吸道病毒可以是肺炎的唯一原因（即，原发性病毒性肺炎）;可以作为繁殖（即病毒 - 细菌或病毒病毒）存在;并且可以充当促进或恶化细菌肺炎的概述因素。病毒感染通常是老年成年人中帽的更显着原因。有人特别报道，病毒感染的患者比没有病毒感染的患者显着较大（中位年龄，16岁，64岁），并且更有可能具有潜在的心脏病（66％与32％）和脆弱。此外，常见的是在无症状患者中检测到上呼吸道中的病毒，因此可能表明伴随的血统或无症状感染。

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  • 来源
    《U. S. pharmacist》 |2020年第4期|共3页
  • 作者

    Mary Ann E. Zagaria;

  • 作者单位

    Commission for Certification in Geriatric Pharmacy;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 药学;
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