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The Cultural Context of Trauma Recovery: Considering the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Practice Guideline and Intersectionality

机译：创伤恢复的文化背景：考虑到创伤后应力障碍实践指南和交叉

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The American Psychological Association's (2017) Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Adults endorsed by the American Psychological Association notes that attention to cultural context is a required component of trauma-informed mental health care provision. Despite the inclusion of this statement, the Treatment of PTSD Guideline does not give adequate attention to culture in the defining of trauma, review of the trauma literature, the criteria adopted for evaluation of PTSD treatments. and, resultantly, the determination of treatment recommendations. Culture plays a significant role in the vulnerability to, experience of, and recovery from mental health sources of distress, including interpersonal trauma (Bryant-Davis, 2005). Approaches to trauma-focused psychotherapy that are ethically sound call for a prioritizing of cultural competence (awareness, knowledge, and skills), as well as cultural humility (Harvey & Tammala-Nara. 2007). Trauma survivors, however, hold multiple identities simultaneously that influence their conceptualizations of trauma, therapy, and the recovery process (Brown, 2008). Intersectionality refers to the way in which a multiply marginalized person experiences cultural identity and oppression that is qualitatively different than the experience of trauma survivors from dominant cultural groups (Crenshaw, 2005). The realities of racism, sexism, heterosexism, and classism, as well as their influence on the trauma recovery process. are examined, while noting the minimal attention that has been given to additional forms of oppression such as religious intolerance and able-bodyism. This critical review of the literature will examine the theoretical and empirical literature, which has examined the framework and strategies that have been cultivated in service to trauma survivors who have been traditionally underserved. Attention will be given in particular to benefits, limitations, and critiques of evidence-based interventions, as well as benefits, limitations, and future research needs of both culturally modified interventions and culturally emergent trauma interventions.
机译：美国心理协会（2017年）临床实践指南治疗美国心理协会认可的成年人患者的临床实践指南注意到，注意文化背景是创伤知情心理保健条件的必要组成部分。尽管纳入了这一陈述，但应邀s指南的待遇在创伤定义中，不足以对文化进行充分关注文化，对创伤文学进行审查，通过评估应投灾治疗方法的标准。并且，结果，确定治疗建议。文化在心理健康窘迫中的脆弱性和恢复和恢复的困难中发挥着重要作用，包括人际创伤（Bryant-Davis，2005）。以创伤为重点的心理治疗方法，是道德声音，以优先考虑文化能力（意识，知识和技能）以及文化谦卑（Harvey＆Tammala-Nara。2007）。然而，创伤幸存者同时持有多种身份，影响其创伤，治疗和恢复过程的概念化（Brown，2008）。交叉口是指乘以边缘化的人经历文化身份和压迫的方式，这些人与来自主导文化群体的创伤幸存者的经验（Crenshaw，2005）。种族主义，性别歧视，异性恋，典型主义的现实，以及对创伤恢复过程的影响。被检查，同时注意到已经对诸如宗教不耐受和体身的其他形式的压迫来说。对文献的这一批判性审查将研究理论和经验文学，该文献已审查了在传统上不足的创伤幸存者中培养的框架和策略。将特别注意有关基于证据的干预措施的益处，限制和批评，以及文化修改干预和文化紧急创伤干预的益处，限制和未来的研究需求。

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