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首页> 外文期刊>Pure and Applied Geophysics >Asperity Failure Control of Stick-Slip Along Brittle Faults
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Asperity Failure Control of Stick-Slip Along Brittle Faults

机译：易于损失控制易韧性故障

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摘要

Stick-slips are spontaneous, unstable slip events during which a natural or man-made system transitions from a strong, sticking stage to a weaker, slipping stage. Stick-slips were proposed by Brace and Byerlee (Science 153:990-992, 1966) as the experimental analogue of natural earthquakes. We analyze here the mechanics of stick-slips along brittle faults by conducting laboratory experiments and by modeling the instability mechanics. We performed tens of shear tests along experimental faults made of granite and gabbro that were subjected to normal stresses up to 14.3 MPa and loading velocities of 0.26-617 mu m/s. We observed hundreds of spontaneous stick-slips that displayed shear stress drops up to 0.66 MPa and slip-velocities up to 14.1 mm/s. The pre-shear and post-shear fault surface topography were mapped with atomic force microscopy at pixel sizes as low as 0.003 mu m(2). We attribute the sticking phase to the locking of touching asperities and the slipping phase to the brittle failure of these asperities, and found that the fault asperities are as strong as the inherent strength of the host rock. Based on the experimental observations and analysis, we derived a mechanical model that predicts the relationships between the measured stick-slip properties (stress-drop, duration, and slip-distance) and asperity strength.
机译：粘性滑动是自发的，不稳定的滑动事件，在此期间，自然或人工制造的系统从强大的粘性阶段过渡到较弱的滑动阶段。通过支撑和情感（科学153：990-992,1966）提出了粘液，作为自然地震的实验性模拟。我们通过进行实验室实验，通过进行实验室实验，分析易于脆性故障的机制。我们沿着由花岗岩和Gabbro制成的实验性故障进行了几十剪切试验，该试验与高达14.3MPa的正常胁迫和0.26-617μm/ s的加载速度。我们观察到数百种自发的粘液，显示剪切应力下降至0.66MPa，滑倒速度高达14.1毫米/秒。预剪切和后剪切故障表面形貌以原子力显微镜映射为低至0.003μm（2）的像素尺寸。我们将粘附阶段归因于触摸粗糙度的锁定和滑动阶段，并发现这种粗糙度的脆性失败，发现故障抑制器与主岩石的固有强度一样强烈。基于实验观察和分析，我们衍生了一种机械模型，该机械模型预测了测量的粘滑性能（应力下降，持续时间和滑动距离）和粗糙度的关系。

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