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Experimental Study of Thermal Field Evolution in the Short-Impending Stage Before Earthquakes

机译：地震前短暂阶段热场演化的实验研究

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Phenomena at critical points are vital for identifying the short-impending stage prior to earthquakes. The peak stress is a critical point when stress is converted from predominantly accumulation to predominantly release. We call the duration between the peak stress and instability “the meta-instability stage”, which refers to the short-impending stage of earthquakes. The meta-instability stage consists of a steady releasing quasi-static stage and an accelerated releasing quasi-dynamic stage. The turning point of the above two stages is the remaining critical point. To identify the two critical points in the field, it is necessary to study the characteristic phenomena of various physical fields in the meta-instability stage in the laboratory, and the strain and displacement variations were studied. Considering that stress and relative displacement can be detected by thermal variations and peculiarities in the full-field observations, we employed a cooled thermal infrared imaging system to record thermal variations in the meta-instability stage of stick slip events generated along a simulated, precut planer strike slip fault in a granodiorite block on a horizontally bilateral servo-controlled press machine. The experimental results demonstrate the following: (1) a large area of decreasing temperatures in wall rocks and increasing temperatures in sporadic sections of the fault indicate entrance into the meta-instability stage. (2) The rapid expansion of regions of increasing temperatures on the fault and the enhancement of temperature increase amplitude correspond to the turning point from the quasi-static stage to the quasi-dynamic stage. Our results reveal thermal indicators for the critical points prior to earthquakes that provide clues for identifying the short-impending stage of earthquakes.
机译：关键点处的现象对于识别地震前的短暂阶段至关重要。峰值应力是应力从主要积累转换为主要释放时的临界点。我们呼吁峰值应力和不稳定“元不稳定阶段”之间的持续时间，这指的是地震的短暂阶段。元不稳定阶段包括稳定的释放准静态阶段和加速释放准动态阶段。上述两个阶段的转折点是剩余的临界点。为了识别该领域的两个关键点，有必要研究实验室中的荟萃不稳定阶段中各种物理领域的特征现象，并且研究了应变和位移变化。考虑到全场观测中的热变化和特性可以检测到应力和相对位移，我们采用冷却的热红外成像系统来记录沿着模拟，预先刨的杆滑动事件的元 - 不稳定阶段的热变化在水平双边伺服控制的压力机上的Granodiorite块中的撞击故障。实验结果表明以下：（1）壁岩中的温度下降的大面积，并且散发的散孔部分的温度表示进入荟萃不稳定阶段。 （2）越来越多的地区的断层的迅速膨胀和温度升高的增强幅度对应于从准静态阶段到准动态阶段的转折点。我们的结果揭示了地震前的关键点的热指示灯，为识别地震短暂阶段提供线索。

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