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首页> 外文期刊>The American psychologist >Gender Stereotypes Have Changed: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of US Public Opinion Polls From 1946 to 2018
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Gender Stereotypes Have Changed: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of US Public Opinion Polls From 1946 to 2018

机译:性别刻板印象发生了变化:1946年至2018年美国舆论民意调查的跨时颞荟萃分析

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摘要

This meta-analysis integrated 16 nationally representative U.S. public opinion polls on gender stereotypes (N = 30,093 adults), extending from 1946 to 2018, a span of seven decades that brought considerable change in gender relations, especially in women's roles. In polls inquiring about communion (e.g., affectionate, emotional), agency (e.g., ambitious, courageous), and competence (e.g., intelligent, creative), respondents indicated whether each trait is more true of women or men, or equally true of both. Women's relative advantage in communion increased over time, but men's relative advantage in agency showed no change. Belief in competence equality increased over time, along with belief in female superiority among those who indicated a sex difference in competence. Contemporary gender stereotypes thus convey substantial female advantage in communion and a smaller male advantage in agency but also gender equality in competence along with some female advantage. Interpretation emphasizes the origins of gender stereotypes in the social roles of women and men.
机译:该荟萃分析综合16个全国代表美国舆论调查(n = 30,093名成人),从1946年到2018年延伸,七十年的跨度,带来了性别关系的相当变化,特别是女性角色。在民意调查中查询圣餐(例如,深情,情感),机构(例如,雄心勃勃,勇敢)和能力(例如,智能,创意),受访者表明每个特征是否更为真实的妇女或男性,或者同样真实。妇女在圣餐中的相对优势随着时间的推移而增加,但男子在机构的相对优势表现出没有变化。在能力平等方面的信仰随着时间的推移而增加,以及相信那些表现出竞争力差异的人的女性优势。因此,当代性别刻板印象,从而在社区传达了大量的女性优势,以及代理的较小的男性优势,而且具有竞争力的性别平等以及一些女性优势。解释强调了女性和男性社会作用中的性别陈规定型观念的起源。

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