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The Science of Team Science: A Review of the Empirical Evidence and Research Gaps on Collaboration in Science

机译：团队科学科学 - 科学合作的实证证据与研究差距综述

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Collaborations among researchers and across disciplinary, organizational, and cultural boundaries are vital to address increasingly complex challenges and opportunities in science and society. In addition, unprecedented technological advances create new opportunities to capitalize on a broader range of expertise and information in scientific collaborations. Yet rapid increases in the demand for scientific collaborations have outpaced changes in the factors needed to support teams in science, such as institutional structures and policies, scientific culture, and funding opportunities. The Science of Team Science (SciTS) field arose with the goal of empirically addressing questions from funding agencies, administrators, and scientists regarding the value of team science (TS) and strategies for successfully leading, engaging in, facilitating, and supporting science teams. Closely related fields have rich histories studying teams, groups, organizations, and management and have built a body of evidence for effective teaming in contexts such as industry and the military. Yet few studies had focused on science teams. Unique contextual factors within the scientific enterprise create an imperative to study these teams in context, and provide opportunities to advance understanding of other complex forms of collaboration. This review summarizes the empirical findings from the SciTS literature, which center around five key themes: the value of TS, team composition and its influence on TS performance, formation of science teams, team processes central to effective team functioning, and institutional influences on TS. Cross-cutting issues are discussed in the context of new research opportunities to further advance SciTS evidence and better inform policies and practices for effective TS.
机译：研究人员和纪律，组织和文化界限的合作对于解决越来越复杂的挑战和科学和社会的机遇至关重要。此外，前所未有的技术进步创造了利用科学合作中更广泛专业知识和信息的新机会。然而，科学合作需求的快速增长已经过分支持科学团队所需的因素，例如制度结构和政策，科学文化和资助机会。团队科学科学（SCITS）领域的目标是在凭证解决资助机构，管理员和科学家的题目有关团队科学（TS）和成功领导，参与，促进和支持科学团队的战略的问题。密切相关的领域具有丰富的历史，学习团队，团体，组织和管理，并建立了一个有效的行业和军队等上下文的证据。然而，很少有研究专注于科学团队。科学企业内的独特的上下文因素在背景中研究了这些团队的必要性，并提供了推进对其他复杂形式的合作形式的机会。本综述总结了Scits文学的实证发现，该研究中心围绕了五个关键主题：TS，团队组成及其对TS性能的影响，科学团队的形成，团队对有效的团队运作，以及对TS的制度影响。在新的研究机会的背景下讨论了跨领域问题，以进一步推进粪便证据，并更好地通知有效的政策和实践。

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