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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Primary tissue for cellular brain repair in Parkinson's disease: Promise, problems and the potential of biomaterials
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Primary tissue for cellular brain repair in Parkinson's disease: Promise, problems and the potential of biomaterials

机译：帕金森病中细胞脑修复的主要组织：承诺，问题和生物材料的潜力

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Abstract The dopamine precursor, levodopa, remains the “gold standard” treatment for Parkinson's disease, and, although it provides superlative efficacy in the early stages of the disease, its long‐term use is limited by the development of severe motor side effects and a significant abating of therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, there remains a major unmet clinical need for the development of effective neuroprotective, neurorestorative or neuroreparatory therapies for this condition. The relatively selective loss of dopaminergic neurons from the nigrostriatal pathway makes Parkinson's disease an ideal candidate for reparative cell therapies, wherein the dopaminergic neurons that are lost in the condition are replaced through direct cell transplantation into the brain. To date, this approach has been developed, validated and clinically assessed using dopamine neuron‐rich foetal ventral mesencephalon grafts which have been shown to survive and reinnervate the denervated brain after transplantation, and to restore motor function. However, despite long‐term symptomatic relief in some patients, significant limitations, including poor graft survival and the impact this has on the number of foetal donors required, have prevented this therapy being more widely adopted as a restorative approach for Parkinson's disease. Injectable biomaterial scaffolds have the potential to improve the delivery, engraftment and survival of these grafts in the brain through provision of a supportive microenvironment for cell adhesion, growth and immune shielding. This article will briefly review the development of primary cell therapies for brain repair in Parkinson's disease and will consider the emerging literature which highlights the potential of using injectable biomaterial hydrogels in this context.
机译：摘要多巴胺前体，左旋多巴仍然是帕金森病的“黄金标准”治疗，虽然它在疾病的早期阶段提供了最高级的功效，但其长期使用受到严重运动副作用的影响和一个显着减弱治疗效果。因此，仍然有一个主要的未满足的临床需求，为这种条件开发有效的神经保护，神经医生或神经嗜睡疗法。来自核心途径的多巴胺能神经元的相对选择性丧失使帕金森氏病是一种用于重复细胞疗法的理想候选者，其中在病症中丢失的多巴胺能神经元被直接细胞移植到大脑中替换。迄今为止，使用多巴胺神经元的胎儿腹部脑脑移植物已经开发，验证和临床评估了这种方法，该移植物已被证明在移植后存活并重新衰减去递生的脑，并恢复电动机功能。然而，尽管某些患者的长期症状救济，但包括较差的移植物存活和对所需胎儿捐赠者数量的影响，包括较差的贪污存活和影响，因此可以防止这种治疗更广泛地采用帕金森病的恢复方法。通过提供用于细胞粘附，生长和免疫屏蔽的支持性微环境，可注射的生物材料支架具有改善脑中这些移植物的递送，植入和存活率。本文将简要介绍帕金森病中脑修复的原发性细胞疗法的发展，并将考虑新兴文献，突出了在这种情况下使用可注射生物材料水凝胶的潜力。

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