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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Postnatal development of cholinergic input to the thalamic reticular nucleus of the mouse
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Postnatal development of cholinergic input to the thalamic reticular nucleus of the mouse

机译：对小鼠丘脑近核的胆碱能输入的产后开发

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Abstract The thalamic reticular nucleus ( TRN ), a shell‐like structure comprised of GABA ergic neurons, gates signal transmission between thalamus and cortex. While TRN is innervated by axon collaterals of thalamocortical and corticothalamic neurons, other ascending projections modulate activity during different behavioral states such as attention, arousal, and sleep‐wake cycles. One of the largest arise from cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and brainstem. Despite its integral role, little is known about how or when cholinergic innervation and synapse formation occurs. We utilized genetically modified mice, which selectively express fluorescent protein and/or channelrhodopsin‐2 in cholinergic neurons, to visualize and stimulate cholinergic afferents in the developing TRN . Cholinergic innervation of TRN follows a ventral‐to‐dorsal progression, with nonvisual sensory sectors receiving input during week 1, and the visual sector during week 2. By week 3, the density of cholinergic fibers increases throughout TRN and forms a reticular profile. Functional patterns of connectivity between cholinergic fibers and TRN neurons progress in a similar manner, with weak excitatory nicotinic responses appearing in nonvisual sectors near the end of week 1. By week 2, excitatory responses become more prevalent and arise in the visual sector. Between weeks 3–4, inhibitory muscarinic responses emerge, and responses become biphasic, exhibiting a fast excitatory, and a long‐lasting inhibitory component. Overall, the development of cholinergic projections in TRN follows a similar plan as the rest of sensory thalamus, with innervation of nonvisual structures preceding visual ones, and well after the establishment of circuits conveying sensory information from the periphery to the cortex.
机译：摘要丘脑网状核（TRN），一种由GABA ERGIC神经元组成的壳状结构，丘脑和皮质之间的信号传递。虽然TRN由丘脑侧穴和皮质疗法神经元的轴突侧侧支配，但其他上升突起在不同行为状态下调节活动，例如注意，唤醒和睡眠唤醒周期。来自基础前脑和脑干的胆碱能神经元产生的最大值之一。尽管其作用不可或缺，但如何或当如何或当发生胆碱理性内脏和突触形成时。我们利用遗传修饰的小鼠，其在胆碱能神经元中选择性地表达荧光蛋白和/或通道 - /或通道 - 2中，以便在显影TRN中可视化和刺激胆碱能事件。 TRN的胆碱能物质遵循腹侧腹向进展，在第1周期间接收输入的非缺点感觉扇区，并且在第2周期间的视觉扇区。在第3周，胆碱能纤维的密度在整个TRN中增加并形成网状曲线。胆碱能纤维和TRN神经元之间的连通性的功能模式以类似的方式进展，在第1周结束时出现在非兴奋性烟碱反应附近的非兴奋性烟碱反应。在第2周，兴奋反应变得更加普遍，并在视觉扇区中产生。在第3-4周之间，抑制毒蕈碱反应出现，反应成为双相，表现出快速兴奋，且持久的抑制组分。总的来说，TRN中的胆碱能投影的发展遵循类似的计划作为感觉丘脑的其余部分，具有在视觉上的非审美结构的支配，并且在建立从周边到皮质的电路传送感觉信息之后。

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