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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Megagametophyte development and female sterility in Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. (Celastraceae)
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Megagametophyte development and female sterility in Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. (Celastraceae)

机译：Martenus obsusifolia Mart的MegagameTophyte开发和女性无菌。 （Celastraceae）

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摘要

Reproduction in flowering plants is closely related to the megagametophyte, since the megagametophyte is involved in pollen tube reception and contains the two female gametes-egg cell and central cell. Previous conventional light microscopy methods have shown that female sterility in perfect flowers of Maytenus obtusifolia is associated with the occurrence of sterile ovules whose megagametophytes have hypertrophied synergids. Here, using transmission electron microscopy and cytochemical methods, we compare the megagametophytes in fertile and sterile ovules from perfect and pistillate flowers, and investigate the cellular events that result in the degradation of the megagametophyte cells from sterile ovules. In fertile ovules of perfect and pistillate flowers, mature megagametophytes have two synergids, egg cell and central cell. In fertile ovules, the synergids present an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) profile, large populations of mitochondria, when compared to egg cells, vesicles, Golgi bodies, plastids and a nucleus with heterochromatin. Besides that, the egg cell has a small population of organelles and the central cell exhibits cytoplasm with free ribosomes, RER, vesicles originating from the RER, Golgi bodies and oil inclusions. In mature megagametophytes from sterile ovules of perfect and pistillate flowers, massive autophagy occurs by tonoplast rupture promoting hydrolase release, leading to protoplast and cell wall degradation-typical evidence of programmed cell death (PCD). Therefore, female sterility in the majority of M. obtusifolia sterile ovules is the result of PCD by massive autophagy in the megagametophyte cells. In a few other sterile ovules, sterility is due to the delayed or the absence of megagametophyte development.
机译：开花植物中的繁殖与MegAgameTophyte密切相关，因为兆甘油癣参与了花粉管接收并含有两个雌性配子蛋细胞和中央细胞。以前的传统光学显微镜方法表明，Maytenus obstusifolia的完美花液中的雌性无菌与兆非细胞具有肥大的嗜好的效应的菌株的发生相关。这里，使用透射电子显微镜和细胞化学方法，我们将MegameTophytes与完美和活泼的花朵中的肥沃和无菌胚珠进行比较，并研究导致MegAgametophyte细胞从无菌胚珠降解的细胞事件。在完美和泼夏花的肥沃胚珠中，成熟的Megamagophytes有两个合酶，蛋细胞和中央细胞。在肥沃的胚珠中，与卵细胞，囊泡，高尔基体，塑性和具有异象素的细胞蛋白相比，Synergids呈现出广泛的粗糙内质网（RER）型材，大量的线粒体群体。除此之外，蛋细胞具有小的细胞器，中央细胞与自由核糖体，RER，源自RER，高尔基体和油夹杂物的囊泡表现出细胞质。在完美和活泼的鲜花的无菌胚珠中的成熟MegAgameTophytes中，通过调色剂破裂促进水解酶释放的大规模自噬，导致原生质体和细胞壁劣化 - 编程细胞死亡（PCD）的典型证据。因此，大多数M. obtusifolia无菌胚珠中的女性无菌是PCD在MegagameTophyte细胞中大量自血管的结果。在其他一些无菌胚珠中，无菌性是由于延迟或巨大的兆甘油癣发育。

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