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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Roles of the haustorium and endosperm during the development of seedlings of Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae): dynamics of reserve mobilization and accumulation
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Roles of the haustorium and endosperm during the development of seedlings of Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae): dynamics of reserve mobilization and accumulation

机译：辅助辅助幼苗幼苗（Arecaceae）幼苗开发期间的毒性作用：储备动员和积累的动态

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The mobilization of palm seed reserves is a complex process because of the abundance and diversity of stored compounds and results from the development of a highly specialized haustorium. This work focused on the important Neotropical oleaginous palm Acrocomia aculeata, with the aim of defining phases of seedling development associated with mobilization of reserves and elucidating the role of haustorium and endosperm in this process. Standard methods were performed, including biometric, anatomical, and histochemical analyses, as well as the evaluation of the activities of the enzymes endo-beta-mannanase and lipase, throughout the reserve mobilization in seeds during germination and in seedlings. Seeds of A. aculeata stored large quantities of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides in the embryo and endosperm. The mobilization of reserves initiated in the haustorium during germination and subsequently occurred in the endosperm adjacent to the haustorium, forming a gradually increasing zone of digestion. Proteins and polysaccharides were the first to be mobilized, followed by lipids and cell wall constituents. The haustorium activates and controls the mobilization, forming transitory reserves and translocating them to the vegetative axis, while the endosperm, which also has an active role, serves as a site of intense enzymatic activity associated with protein bodies. Seedling development can be described as occurring in six phases over a long period (approximately 150 days) due to the large amount of seed reserves. This process exhibits an alternation between stages of accumulation and translocation of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate reserves in the haustorium, which favors the seedling establishment and the reproductive success of the species.
机译：由于储存化合物的丰富和多样性，棕榈种子储备的动员是一种复杂的过程，以及由高度专用的海铜的发育产生的丰富和多样性。这项工作主要集中在重要的新型植物棕榈辅助Aculeata上，目的是定义与储备的动员相关的幼苗开发阶段，并阐明在该过程中的Haustorium和胚乳的作用。进行标准方法，包括生物识别，解剖学和组织化学分析，以及在萌发期间种子的储备在种子中的整个储备动员中评估酶内β - 甘露糖酶和脂肪酶的活性。 A. A. Aculeata的种子在胚胎和胚乳中储存大量的蛋白质，脂质和多糖。在萌发期间在海芥籽中发起的储备的动员，随后在与ukastorium相邻的胚乳中发生，形成逐渐增加的消化区。首先将蛋白质和多糖是首先感动的，然后是脂质和细胞壁成分。 Hautorium激活并控制动员，形成暂时储备并将其转移到营养轴上，而胚乳也具有活跃作用的胚乳作为与蛋白质相关的强烈酶活性的部位。由于大量种子储备，可以将幼苗开发描述为在长期（约150天）的六个阶段。该过程在蛋白质，脂质和碳水化合物储备的积累和易位阶段之间表现出交替，这些过程在幼苗的建立和物种的生殖成功上伴随着幼苗。

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