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Quality of life, psychosocial health, and antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive women in Zimbabwe

机译：津巴布韦HIV阳性女性的生活质量，社会心理健康和抗逆转录病毒治疗

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Little is known about the psychosocial impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among women in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Zimbabwe to assess the impact of ART on HIV-positive women's health-related quality of life, using the Medical Outcomes Study-HIV Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire. Additionally, we assessed socio-demographics, reproductive and sexual health, HIV-related history, disclosure, social stigma, self-esteem, and depression. Structured interviews were conducted with 200 HIV-positive women and categorized into three groups by treatment: (1) Group 1 (n =31) did not meet clinical or laboratory criteria to begin treatment; (2) Group 2 (n =73) was eligible to begin treatment but awaiting initiation of treatment; and (3) Group 3 (n =96) was on ART for a median of 13 months. The women had similar socio-demographic characteristics but varied significantly in clinical characteristics. Women on ART reported fewer AIDS-related symptoms in the last week and year and had higher current and lower baseline CD4 counts compared to women not on ART. On most QOL domains women on ART reported higher mean scores as compared to women not on ART (p <0.01). Additionally, women on ART reported less depression compared to women not on ART (p <0.001). Between the two groups of women not on ART, unexpectedly, there were no significant differences in their scores for QOL or depression. Thus, Zimbabwean women living with HIV experience better overall QOL and lower depression on ART. Altogether, our findings suggest that ART delivery in resource-poor communities can enhance overall QOL as well as psychosocial functioning, which has wide-ranging public health implications.
机译：关于撒哈拉以南非洲妇女抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）对社会心理的影响知之甚少。因此，我们在津巴布韦进行了一项横断面研究，以使用医学成果研究-HIV生活质量（QOL）问卷评估ART对HIV阳性女性健康相关生活质量的影响。此外，我们评估了社会人口统计学，生殖和性健康，与HIV相关的病史，披露，社会污名，自尊和抑郁症。对200名HIV阳性女性进行了结构化访谈，并按治疗分为三组：（1）第1组（n = 31）不符合开始治疗的临床或实验室标准; （2）第2组（n = 73）有资格开始治疗但有待开始治疗; （3）第3组（n = 96）接受ART治疗的中位时间为13个月。这些妇女具有相似的社会人口统计学特征，但临床特征差异很大。与未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性相比，接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性在过去的一周和一年中报告的艾滋病相关症状更少，目前的CD4计数更高，基线CD4计数更低。在大多数QOL领域，与未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性相比，接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性平均得分更高（p <0.01）。此外，与未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性相比，接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性的抑郁症更少（p <0.001）。出乎意料的是，两组未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性之间在生活质量或抑郁方面的得分没有显着差异。因此，患有艾滋病毒的津巴布韦妇女在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗时，总体生活质量较高，抑郁感较低。总而言之，我们的研究结果表明，在资源匮乏的社区中开展抗逆转录病毒治疗可以提高总体生活质量和社会心理功能，这对公共卫生具有广泛的影响。

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