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Factors influencing social self-disclosure among adolescents living with HIV in Eastern Africa

机译：影响东非艾滋病毒感染青少年的社会自我披露的因素

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Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) face many psychosocial challenges, including HIV disclosure to others. Given the importance of socialization during the adolescent transition process, this study investigated the psychological and social factors influencing self-disclosure of own HIV status to peers. We examined social HIV self-disclosure to peers, and its relationship to perceived HIV-related stigma, self-efficacy to disclose, self-esteem, and social support among a sample of n = 582 ALHIV aged 13-17 years in Kampala, Uganda, and Western Kenya. Data were collected between February and April 2011. Among them, 39% were double orphans. We conducted a secondary data analysis to assess the degree of social disclosure, reactions received, and influencing factors. Interviewer-administered questionnaires assessed medical, socio-demographic, and psychological variables (Rosenberg self-esteem scale; self-efficacy to disclose to peers), HIV-related stigma (10-item stigma scale), and social support (family-life and friends). Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses were performed with social self-disclosure to peers with gender as covariates. Almost half of ALHIV had told nobody (except health-care providers) about their HIV status, and about 18% had disclosed to either one of their friends, schoolmates, or a boy- or girlfriend. Logistic regression models revealed that having disclosed to peers was significantly related to being older, being a paternal orphan, contributing to family income, regular visits to the HIV clinic, and greater social support through peers. Low self-efficacy to disclose was negatively associated to the outcome variable. While social self-disclosure was linked to individual factors such as self-efficacy, factors relating to the social context and adolescents' access to psychosocial resources play an important role. ALHIV need safe environments to practice disclosure skills. Interventions should enable them to make optimal use of available psychosocial resources even under constraining conditions such as disruptive family structures.
机译：感染艾滋病毒的青少年（ALHIV）面临许多社会心理挑战，包括向他人公开艾滋病毒。考虑到社会化在青少年过渡过程中的重要性，本研究调查了影响自身向他人公开自身艾滋病毒状况的心理和社会因素。我们在乌干达坎帕拉的n = 582名13至17岁的ALHIV样本中，研究了与同龄人之间的社会HIV自我披露及其与知觉的HIV相关污名，披露的自我效能感，自尊和社会支持之间的关系。和肯尼亚西部。数据收集于2011年2月至2011年4月之间。其中39％是双孤儿。我们进行了二次数据分析，以评估社交披露的程度，收到的反应和影响因素。访谈者管理的问卷评估了医学，社会人口统计学和心理变量（罗森伯格自尊量表;向同伴公开的自我效能感），与艾滋病相关的污名（10项污名量表）和社会支持（家庭生活和朋友）。进行描述性，双变量和逻辑回归分析，对与性别为协变量的同伴进行社交自我披露。几乎一半的ALHIV都没有告知任何人（医疗保健提供者除外）他们的HIV状况，大约18％的人向他们的朋友，同学或男孩或女友透露了信息。 Logistic回归模型显示，向同龄人披露与年龄增长，成为父母的孤儿，增加家庭收入，定期探望HIV诊所以及通过同龄人获得更大的社会支持密切相关。披露的自我效能低下与结果变量负相关。尽管社会自我披露与诸如自我效能感等个人因素有关，但与社会环境和青少年获得社会心理资源的机会有关的因素却起着重要作用。 ALHIV需要安全的环境来练习披露技能。干预措施应使他们即使在破坏性家庭结构之类的限制条件下也能最佳利用可用的社会心理资源。

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