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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS care. >Negotiating multiple barriers: health workers' access to counselling, testing and treatment in Malawi.
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Negotiating multiple barriers: health workers' access to counselling, testing and treatment in Malawi.

机译：谈判多重障碍：马拉维的卫生工作者获得咨询，检测和治疗的机会。

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摘要

Malawi is facing a severe HIV and AIDS epidemic with an estimated 12% of its population living with the virus. Health workers are on the front lines of the HIV epidemic and they face the risk of HIV infection in both their personal and professional lives. This mixed method study aimed to explore the enablers and barriers to HIV counselling and testing and antiretroviral therapy by health workers in Malawi. After qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with health workers in the Mchinji and Nsanje districts, a survey questionnaire was constructed and administered to 906 health workers in eight districts in Malawi. A majority (76%) of health workers surveyed reported having undergone HIV testing and counselling, of whom 74% reported repeat testing. A striking result of the study is that 22% of health workers reported testing after occupational exposure to HIV. The proportions of respondents reporting that they tested after experiencing symptoms, or self-testing for HIV were 11% each. The in-depth interviews and the survey revealed multiple challenges that health workers face to accessing HIV testing, counselling and treatment, including fear of a positive result, fear of stigma and lack of confidentiality. Additional barriers included health workers' personal acquaintance with those conducting testing, along with their perception of being "role models" which could exacerbate their fears about confidentiality. Given health workers' critical role in HIV delivery in Malawi, there is need to develop solutions to help health workers overcome these barriers.
机译：马拉维正面临着严重的艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行，估计其人口中有12％患有该病毒。卫生工作者处于艾滋病毒流行的最前沿，他们在个人和职业生活中都面临着感染艾滋病毒的风险。这项混合方法研究旨在探讨马拉维卫生工作者进行HIV咨询和检测以及抗逆转录病毒疗法的推动因素和障碍。通过与Mchinji和Nsanje地区的卫生工作者进行深入访谈收集了定性数据之后，编制了调查问卷并将其分发给马拉维八个地区的906名卫生工作者。接受调查的大多数卫生工作者（76％）报告说他们已经接受了HIV检测和咨询，其中74％的人报告了重复检测。该研究的一项惊人结果是，有22％的卫生工作者在职业性接触HIV后报告了检测结果。报告称在经历症状后进行测试或对HIV进行自我测试的受访者比例分别为11％。深入的访谈和调查显示，卫生工作者在获得艾滋病毒检测，咨询和治疗方面面临着诸多挑战，包括对取得积极成果的恐惧，对污名的恐惧和缺乏机密性。其他障碍包括卫生工作者与进行测试的人的相识，以及他们被视为“角色模型”的看法，这可能加剧他们对机密性的恐惧。鉴于卫生工作者在马拉维的艾滋病毒传播中具有关键作用，因此有必要制定解决方案来帮助卫生工作者克服这些障碍。

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