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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS care. >Social and structural risks for HIV among migrant and immigrant men who have sex with men in Moscow, Russia: Implications for prevention
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Social and structural risks for HIV among migrant and immigrant men who have sex with men in Moscow, Russia: Implications for prevention

机译：俄罗斯莫斯科与男性发生性行为的流动人口和移民男性中艾滋病毒的社会和结构风险：对预防的影响

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Moscow has a large population of immigrants and migrants from across the Former Soviet Union. Little is studied about men who have sex with men (MSM) within these groups. Qualitative research methods were used to explore identities, practices, and factors affecting HIV prevention and risks among immigrant/migrant MSM in Moscow. Nine interviews and three focus group discussions were conducted between April-June 2010 with immigrant/migrant MSM, analyzed as a subset of a larger population of MSM who participated in qualitative research (n=121). Participants were purposively selected men who reported same sex practices (last 12 months). Migrants were men residing in Moscow but from other Russian regions and immigrants from countries outside of Russia. A socioecological framework was used to describe distal to proximal factors that influenced risks for HIV acquisition. MSM ranged from heterosexual to gay-identified. Stigma and violence related to homophobia in homelands and concerns about xenophobia and distrust of migrants in Moscow were emerged as key themes. Participants reported greater sexual freedom in Moscow but feared relatives in homelands would learn of behaviors in Moscow, often avoiding members of their own ethnicity in Moscow. Internalized homophobia was prevalent and linked to traditional sexual views. Sexual risks included sex work, high numbers of partners, and inconsistent condom use. Avoidance of HIV testing or purchasing false results was related to reporting requirements in Russia, which may bar entry or expel those testing positive. HIV prevention for MSM should consider immigrant/migrant populations, the range of sexual identities, and risk factors among these men. The willingness of some men to socialize with immigrants/migrants of other countries may provide opportunities for peer-based prevention approaches. Immigrants/migrants comprised important proportions of the MSM population, yet are rarely acknowledged in research. Understanding their risks and how to reach them may improve the overall impact of prevention for MSM and adults in Russia.
机译：莫斯科有大量前苏联各地的移民和移民。在这些人群中，关于与男人发生性关系的男人的研究很少。使用定性研究方法来探究影响莫斯科预防和控制艾滋病毒/艾滋病的MSM的身份，做法和因素。在2010年4月至6月之间，对移民/移民MSM进行了9次访谈和3次焦点小组讨论，被分析为参与定性研究的MSM人口众多（n = 121）。参加者是有目的地选择的男性，她们报告了相同的性行为（最近12个月）。移民是居住在莫斯科但来自俄罗斯其他地区的男人，以及来自俄罗斯以外国家的移民。一个社会生态学框架被用来描述影响HIV感染风险的从远端到近端的因素。 MSM的范围从异性恋到同性恋认同。与家园同性恋恐惧症有关的污名和暴力以及对莫斯科的仇外心理和移民的不信任感已成为主要主题。与会者报告说，莫斯科有更大的性自由，但担心家园的亲戚会了解莫斯科的行为，常常回避自己在莫斯科的族裔成员。内在的同性恋恐惧症很普遍，并与传统的性观点有关。性风险包括性工作，大量伴侣以及使用安全套不一致。避免进行艾滋病毒检测或购买虚假结果与俄罗斯的报告要求有关，这可能会禁止进入或驱逐阳性检测者。针对男男性接触者的艾滋病毒预防应考虑移民/移民人口，性认同的范围以及这些男性中的危险因素。一些男人愿意与其他国家的移民社交的人可能会为基于同伴的预防方法提供机会。移民占MSM人口的重要比例，但很少在研究中得到承认。了解他们的风险以及如何解决这些风险，可能会改善俄罗斯MSM和成年人预防的总体影响。

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